ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?

This 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA) across Brazilian states. It details the transition of the National CAR System (Sicar) to a digital public infrastructure managed by Dataprev and the Ministry of Management and Innovation in Public Services (MGI), the adoption of automated analysis tools to accelerate CAR validation, and the persistent challenges in converting validated registries into effective forest restoration through the PRA.

• The National CAR System (Sicar) underwent a governance shift in 2025, becoming a 'digital public good' managed by the Ministry of Management and Innovation in Public Services (MGI), the Brazilian Forest Service (SFB), and Dataprev to improve interoperability and stability.
• The proportion of CAR registries with analysis initiated increased from 15% in November 2024 to 24% in November 2025, totaling approximately 1.9 million records.
• CAR validation (concluded analysis) saw a significant jump in 2025, with approximately 724,000 registries validated, representing 9% of the national base, compared to 3.3% in the previous year.
• Automation and 'compulsory acceptance' (where the system corrects data without prior owner approval for properties up to 4 fiscal modules) were decisive for scaling validations in states like São Paulo and Paraná.
• The first Environmental Reserve Quotes (CRAs) in Brazil were issued in October 2025 in the state of Rio de Janeiro, based on Private Natural Heritage Reserves (RPPNs).
• The state of Pará has implemented a controversial compensation model called the Environmental Protection Quote (CPA), which allows the use of temporary environmental easements within public Conservation Units to compensate for Legal Reserve deficits prior to 2008.
• The implementation of the PRA remains the primary bottleneck, with a large gap between validated CARs and signed Terms of Commitment (TC). Mato Grosso leads in absolute numbers with 3,229 signed TCs.
• The 'CAR Pré-Preenchido' (Pre-filled CAR) was launched at COP30 to reduce registration errors by automatically retrieving land ownership and boundary data from Incra's SNCR and Sigef databases.
• Legal uncertainty persists in Paraná due to conflicting court decisions regarding whether the Forest Code or the more restrictive Atlantic Forest Law (LMA) should apply to consolidated rural areas.
• The federal government is implementing automatic filters in Sicar to block the registration of properties in federal public areas and Indigenous Lands (TIs) as part of the ADPF 743 data integration plan.
• The national base of CAR registries grew by 5.6% between November 2024 and November 2025, exceeding 8 million records, driven by the individualization of settlement lots and the inclusion of traditional communities.
• The 'Floresta+ Conservação' program has integrated CAR analysis with Payment for Environmental Services (PSA) in the Legal Amazon, resulting in over 10,000 validations and 15,000 analyses across seven states.

APA

Lopes, C. L., Didonet, N., & Chiavari, J. (2025). ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Onde-Estamos-2025.pdf

Chicago

Lopes, Cristina Leme, Nina Didonet, and Joana Chiavari. ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? Climate Policy Initiative, 2025. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Onde-Estamos-2025.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Lopes |first1=Cristina Leme |last2=Didonet |first2=Nina |last3=Chiavari |first3=Joana |title=ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL? |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=2025 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Onde-Estamos-2025.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{lopes2025onde, author = {Lopes, Cristina Leme and Didonet, Nina and Chiavari, Joana}, title = {{ONDE ESTAMOS NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL?}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2025}, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Onde-Estamos-2025.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }