Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report

The report argues that existing village-level evaluation tools in Indonesia, such as the Village Development Index (IDM), are inadequate for measuring and rewarding environmental sustainability. To address this, the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes the 'IDM+', which adds 10 ecological indicators covering land-use, natural resource management, and climate actions. Using Berau Regency in East Kalimantan as a case study, the report demonstrates how this index can underpin Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFTs) to reward high-performing villages. It recommends a mixed fiscal approach—combining reformulated Village Fund Allocations (ADD) with targeted financial assistance—to incentivize green growth while supporting low-performing villages.

• Existing village-level evaluation tools, specifically the Village Development Evaluation (IPD) and the Village Development Index (IDM), are insufficient for holistically measuring environmental performance or rewarding the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Despite a national framework for SDGs, there is a lack of active evaluation indicators at the local level that trigger fiscal transfers to villages, particularly regarding land use, natural resource management, and renewable energy.
• The proposed Sustainable Village Development Index (IDM+) enhances the existing IDM by adding 10 ecological indicators divided into two categories: land-use and natural resource management (village spatial planning and land-use innovation) and climate actions (including waste management, renewable energy, and climate adaptation).
• A pilot study of 100 villages in Berau Regency using IDM+ and four additional local sub-indicators (agribusiness diversification, agricultural commodities diversification, agricultural products processing, and social forestry) revealed that most villages have low environmental performance, with 48% scoring 'Very Low' and 35% scoring 'Low'.
• The report suggests that reform of the Village Fund Allocation (ADD/ADK) to include a performance-based ecological component (ADD-K) could incentivize behavior change, though it may create 'fiscal-winning' and 'fiscal-losing' villages if not managed with an 'on-top' policy.
• For Berau Regency, the report recommends a mixed fiscal instrument approach that uses incentives for high-performing villages and financial assistance (affirmative action) for low-performing ones, potentially utilizing untapped Reforestation Fund (DBH DR) resources amounting to IDR 358 billion.
• Fiscal reforms to incorporate sustainability are more likely to succeed at the local (regency or province) level than at the central government level due to political will and specific development priorities.

APA

Mecca, B., Mafira, T., Muluk, S., & Larasati, L. (2020). Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf

Chicago

Mecca, Brurce, Tiza Mafira, Saeful Muluk, and Luthfyana Larasati. Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report. Climate Policy Initiative, 2020. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Mecca |first1=Brurce |last2=Mafira |first2=Tiza |last3=Muluk |first3=Saeful |last4=Larasati |first4=Luthfyana |title=Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=November 2020 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{mecca2020indeks, author = {Mecca, Brurce and Mafira, Tiza and Muluk, Saeful and Larasati, Luthfyana}, title = {{Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2020}, month = nov, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }