Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report

The report proposes the Sustainable Village Development Index (IDM+) to bridge the gap between national sustainability goals and village-level action in Indonesia. By adding 10 ecological indicators to the existing Village Development Index, the IDM+ provides a metric for regencies to implement Ecological Fiscal Transfers (EFT). Using Berau Regency as a case study, the report suggests a mixed fiscal approach—combining performance-based incentives with affirmative assistance—to encourage sustainable land use and climate action without marginalizing low-performing villages.

• Existing village-level evaluation tools, specifically the Village Development Evaluation (IPD) and the Village Development Index (IDM), are inadequate for holistically measuring environmental performance. The IPD focuses primarily on socio-economic aspects and disaster resilience, while the IDM's ecological resilience index is limited to a narrow scope of environmental quality and disaster risk management.
• Despite Indonesia having a national framework for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) via Presidential Regulation No 59/2017 and the Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJMN), there are no active SDG evaluation indicators used by local governments to assess villages. This gap means current fiscal transfers do not support villages in improving sustainability metrics, particularly in areas like land use, natural resource management, renewable energy, or mitigation-adaptation infrastructure.
• CPI proposes the Sustainable Village Development Index (IDM+), which enhances the existing IDM by adding 10 ecological indicators divided into two categories: land-use and natural resource management (village spatial planning and land-use innovation), and climate actions (including waste management, renewable energy, and climate adaptation infrastructure). This index is designed to be universally applicable across all Indonesian villages while remaining flexible enough to incorporate local sub-indicators.
• In a case study of 100 villages in Berau Regency, the IDM+ was applied with 10 main indicators and 4 additional sub-indicators (agribusiness diversification, agricultural commodities diversification, agricultural products processing, and social forestry). The results showed that most villages scored 'Very Low' (48/100) or 'Low' (35/100), with agricultural commodities diversification scoring the highest and village spatial planning and social forestry scoring the lowest.
• The report identifies three primary fiscal instrument options for regency-to-village transfers: Village Fund Allocation (ADD/ADK), Financial Assistance (Bantuan Keuangan), and a mixed approach. While reformulating the ADD is feasible without additional budgets, it creates a 'zero-sum game' where high-performing villages gain (averaging an additional IDR 200 million or a 12-18% increase) and low-performing villages lose, potentially causing political resistance.
• For Berau Regency, the report recommends a mixed fiscal instrument approach (Policy Option 3). This combines incentives for high-performing villages with financial assistance for low-performing villages to ensure inclusive sustainable development. Specifically, Berau could utilize its untapped Revenue Sharing Fund for Reforestation (DBH DR), which amounts to IDR 358 billion, to fund these incentives and assistance programs.

APA

Mecca, B., Mafira, T., Muluk, S., & Larasati, L. (2020). Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf

Chicago

Mecca, Brurce, Tiza Mafira, Saeful Muluk, and Luthfyana Larasati. Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report. Climate Policy Initiative, 2020. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Mecca |first1=Brurce |last2=Mafira |first2=Tiza |last3=Muluk |first3=Saeful |last4=Larasati |first4=Luthfyana |title=Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=November 2020 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{mecca2020indeks, author = {Mecca, Brurce and Mafira, Tiza and Muluk, Saeful and Larasati, Luthfyana}, title = {{Indeks Desa Membangun Plus (IDM+): Enhancing Direct Incentives for Sustainable Land Use Report}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2020}, month = nov, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Indeks-Desa-Membangun-Plus-IDM_full-report.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }