CALCULATED RISK

The report examines Australia's exposure to illegally harvested timber, focusing on high-risk supply chains from East Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America. It highlights the role of China and Vietnam as processing hubs that obscure the origin of timber from high-risk regions like the Congo Basin. The authors argue that current enforcement of the Illegal Logging Prohibition Act (ILPA) is limited and recommend increased transparency, scientific species testing, and a shift toward tracing timber back to the country of harvest rather than the country of export.

• The Illegal Logging Prohibition Act (ILPA) of 2012 makes it a criminal offense to knowingly or recklessly import or process timber produced by illegal logging and requires importers to conduct due diligence on their supply chains.
• Enforcement of the ILPA has been limited; the first publicly known prosecution resulted in a $12,600 fine, and in March 2023, 14 furniture importers were fined over $186,000 for due diligence failures.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (2023). CALCULATED RISK. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CIEL_EIA_US_Australian_Timber-trade_report_July-2023.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. CALCULATED RISK. 2023. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CIEL_EIA_US_Australian_Timber-trade_report_July-2023.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=CALCULATED RISK |date=July 2023 |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CIEL_EIA_US_Australian_Timber-trade_report_July-2023.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallaw2023calculated, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{CALCULATED RISK}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, year = {2023}, month = jul, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CIEL_EIA_US_Australian_Timber-trade_report_July-2023.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }