techcoop_montreal_jun1991-6880dc1471060e20.pdf

This briefing describes the establishment, organizational structure, and financing of the Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund, designed to provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries to phase out ozone-depleting substances.

• The Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund was established to provide financial and technical assistance, including technology transfer, to eligible developing countries to help them comply with the phaseout of ozone-depleting substances. Eligibility is limited to developing countries operating under Article 5, paragraph 1 of the Protocol, which requires an annual consumption of controlled substances below 0.3 kilograms per capita.
• The fund is managed by an Executive Committee and a Secretariat, with three primary implementing agencies: the World Bank manages the program for agreed incremental costs; UNEP acts as the 'treasurer' and handles clearinghouse functions; and UNDP provides technical assistance such as feasibility and pre-investment studies.
• Initial financing for the fund's first three years is set at $160 million, with a potential increase to $240 million if more countries join the Protocol. Contributions are based on the UN scale of assessments, though countries may receive credit for up to 20% of their assessment via bilateral assistance, and some may contribute in-kind.
• To access funding, Article 5 countries must develop country programs approved by the Executive Committee. These programs must include a review of controlled substance use, an institutional and policy framework description, a strategy for implementing the Protocol, and a budget and timetable.
• Project funding is prioritized based on cost-effectiveness, efficiency in reducing emissions, geographic balance, and the ease of technology transfer to other Article 5 countries. Technical assistance and pre-investment activities are provided as grants or in-kind support, while investment projects are generally grants but may be highly concessional loans with a 1-2 year payback period.
• The author identifies several potential barriers to the fund's success, including the reluctance of companies to license technology to developing countries due to intellectual property concerns, the fact that incremental cost categories exclude expenses for brand new facilities, and the requirement that industries apply through national governments rather than directly.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (n.d.). techcoop_montreal_jun1991-6880dc1471060e20.pdf. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TechCoop_Montreal_Jun1991.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. techcoop_montreal_jun1991-6880dc1471060e20.pdf. n.d. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TechCoop_Montreal_Jun1991.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=techcoop_montreal_jun1991-6880dc1471060e20.pdf |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TechCoop_Montreal_Jun1991.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallawndtechcoopmontrealjun19916880dc1471060e20pdf, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{techcoop\_montreal\_jun1991-6880dc1471060e20.pdf}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TechCoop_Montreal_Jun1991.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }