GUÍA PARA LAS INDCS CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL

The document offers a structured approach for LDCs and SIDS to develop INDCs, emphasizing that these countries may use strategies, plans, or specific projects rather than absolute emission reductions. It provides templates for mitigation (action-based or result-based), adaptation, planning processes, and means of implementation, while highlighting the importance of transparency, national circumstances, and the pursuit of co-benefits such as poverty reduction and energy access.

• LDCs and SIDS are granted special provisions in their INDCs, allowing them to communicate "información sobre estrategias, planes y acciones para el desarrollo de la baja emisión de gases de efecto invernadero que reflejan sus circunstancias especiales" instead of the absolute emission reductions expected from developed countries.
• The guide identifies several common challenges for LDCs and SIDS, including low global emissions but a need for low-carbon development, an "imperante necesidad de desarrollo económico y reducción de la pobreza", limited analytical capacity, and high climate vulnerability.
• Proactive INDC development can benefit LDCs by demonstrating that economic growth is compatible with low-carbon pathways, avoiding "entrampamiento en infraestructura intensiva en carbono", and attracting international financial capacity and technology transfer.
• Mitigation contributions can be structured in two primary ways: action-based, which lists specific activities and their anticipated impacts, or result-based, which defines targets such as reductions relative to a base year, a fixed level, carbon intensity, or a "desarrollo normal de la actividad (BAU)".
• To ensure international transparency and comparability, the guide recommends including specific data on implementation timeframes, the scope of gases (such as CO2, CH4, N2O), and the "metodología para la contabilidad de las emisiones".
• The guide suggests that countries justify their contributions as 'fair and ambitious' by referencing "responsabilidad histórica", per capita emissions, and national capacity (e.g., GDP per capita).
• Adaptation is presented as intrinsic to the economic development of LDCs and SIDS; the guide encourages highlighting synergies where adaptation activities provide "cobeneficios de mitigación" (e.g., reforestation) or mitigation activities provide adaptation benefits.
• The 'Means of Implementation' section is designed to help international partners understand a country's specific needs in three key areas: "financiamiento, transferencia de la tecnología y creación de capacidad".

APA

Holdaway, E., Dodwell, C., Sura, K., & Picot, H. (2015). GUÍA PARA LAS INDCS CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL. Climate and Development Knowledge Network. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Gu%C3%ADa-para-las-INDCs_WEB.pdf

Chicago

Holdaway, Emelia, Chris Dodwell, Kiran Sura, and Helen Picot. GUÍA PARA LAS INDCS CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, 2015. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Gu%C3%ADa-para-las-INDCs_WEB.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Holdaway |first1=Emelia |last2=Dodwell |first2=Chris |last3=Sura |first3=Kiran |last4=Picot |first4=Helen |title=GUÍA PARA LAS INDCS CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL |publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |date=May 2015 |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Gu%C3%ADa-para-las-INDCs_WEB.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{holdaway2015gua, author = {Holdaway, Emelia and Dodwell, Chris and Sura, Kiran and Picot, Helen}, title = {{GUÍA PARA LAS INDCS CONTRIBUCIONES PREVISTAS Y DETERMINADAS A NIVEL NACIONAL}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, year = {2015}, month = may, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/Gu%C3%ADa-para-las-INDCs_WEB.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }