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The document discusses the ongoing negotiations in Bonn regarding the FVA and NMM, highlighting the need for standards that ensure real, permanent, and verified mitigation outcomes while avoiding double counting. Carbon Market Watch proposes specific governance and accounting measures to secure net atmospheric benefits and uphold human rights.

Carbon Market Watch argues that existing carbon markets have collapsed due to oversupply and poor quality, specifically citing the CDM and JI. The briefing recommends strengthening additionality criteria, shortening crediting periods, and establishing mandatory human rights and sustainability safeguards. For new mechanisms like the FVA and NMM, it advocates for a binding international governance structure and a common transaction tracking mechanism to prevent double counting of emission reductions.

A coalition of civil society organizations (CSOs) argues that the current timeline for selecting permanent active observers for the Green Climate Fund (GCF) is insufficient to ensure inclusivity and transparency. The groups cite a lack of disseminated requirements, incomplete accreditation, and uncertain financial support for Southern participants as primary barriers. They propose selecting temporary observers for the June 2013 board meeting in South Korea while calling for a formal, independent selection process—similar to that used by the Climate Investment Funds—to be established for permanent representatives.

The document consists of open letters sent to major European airlines, specifically exemplified by a letter to Lufthansa, requesting that they avoid using industrial gas credits from HFC-23 and adipic acid projects. The authors argue that these credits lack environmental integrity, do not represent real emissions reductions, and undermine the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) and the Montreal Protocol.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations call on Iberia to avoid using industrial gas offset credits, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine the EU ETS and the Montreal Protocol.

Carbon Market Watch and several partner organizations sent an open letter to Air Berlin requesting that the airline avoid using industrial gas offset credits from HFC-23 and adipic acid projects. The authors argue that these credits lack environmental integrity, do not represent real emissions reductions, and undermine the EU ETS and the Montreal Protocol.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of NGOs call on Air France to protect the integrity of the EU ETS by avoiding industrial gas offsets, arguing that HFC-23 and adipic acid projects lack environmental integrity and undermine climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organisations wrote an open letter to Alitalia on 12 April 2013, requesting that the airline avoid using industrial gas offset credits for its 2012 emission reduction targets. The letter highlights that a ban on HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid abatement projects in the EU ETS takes effect on 1 May 2013. The authors argue that these specific credits lack sustainable development benefits, undermine the Montreal Protocol, and often do not represent real emissions reductions, thereby threatening the EU's climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations call on Austrian Airlines AG to reject industrial gas offset credits, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine the EU ETS.

Carbon Market Watch and other NGOs call on British Airways to avoid using industrial gas offset credits, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine the EU ETS.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations call on Brussels Airlines to protect the integrity of the EU ETS by avoiding industrial gas offset credits. The authors argue that credits from HFC-23 and adipic acid projects lack environmental integrity, do not represent real emissions reductions, and undermine international climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations call on Easyjet Airline to avoid using industrial gas offset credits (HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid) for its 2012 EU ETS emission reduction targets. The letter argues that these credits lack environmental integrity, do not represent real emissions reductions, and undermine both the Montreal Protocol and EU climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of NGOs urge Finnair to avoid using industrial gas offset credits (HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid) for EU ETS compliance, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations call on Germanwings to avoid using industrial gas offset credits, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine EU climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of NGOs call on KLM Royal Dutch Airlines to avoid using industrial gas offset credits, specifically HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid projects, to meet its 2012 emission reduction targets. The letter argues that these credits lack environmental integrity, do not represent real emissions reductions, and undermine both the Montreal Protocol and EU climate objectives.

An open letter from Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organizations requesting that Deutsche Lufthansa AG avoid using industrial gas offset credits (HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid) for its 2012 EU ETS emission reduction targets, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine climate objectives.

Carbon Market Watch and other organizations call on Ryanair to avoid using industrial gas offset credits, arguing that HFC-23 and adipic acid projects lack environmental integrity and undermine climate objectives.

An open letter from Carbon Market Watch and other NGOs to Scandinavian Airlines arguing that industrial gas offset credits, specifically HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid projects, lack environmental integrity and undermine EU climate objectives. The authors highlight that a ban on these credits in the EU ETS takes effect on 1 May 2013 and argue that airline operators should not benefit from the postponement of this ban given the known environmental issues associated with these projects.

Carbon Market Watch and a coalition of environmental organisations call on Vueling Airlines to reject industrial gas offset credits, arguing that such credits lack environmental integrity and undermine the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). The letter highlights a January 2011 decision by EU Member States to ban HFC-23 and N2O from adipic acid abatement projects from the EU ETS, effective 1 May 2013. The authors contend that these credits do not represent real emissions reductions, offer no sustainable development benefits, and undermine the Montreal Protocol and EU climate objectives.

The author contends that hydropower projects in Sikkim, such as Teesta III and Teesta VI, are not 'additional' because hydropower is common practice in India's North East, meaning they do not actually reduce emissions. The text alleges that developers misled the UNFCCC and bypassed mandatory stakeholder consultations regarding CDM credits. Furthermore, it highlights the failure to recognize Lepcha peoples' land rights and the absence of holistic impact assessments in Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs), leading to landslides and house destruction. The document concludes that the CDM's verification process is weak and calls for the immediate revocation of all big hydro CDM registrations in the region.