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A case study detailing the implementation of an off-grid solar power system by GadgetroniX at Nyarugusu Health Post 5 in Tanzania to ensure stable electricity for essential healthcare services.

This case study describes the installation of an off-grid solar power system by GadgetroniX at the Kitanga Dispensary in Tanzania to ensure reliable electricity for critical healthcare services, including vaccine refrigeration and emergency operations.

This knowledge brief by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) and ESMAP advocates for a shift from traditional equipment-ownership models to private sector-led, performance-based service models to ensure the sustainable electrification of public health and education facilities in low- and middle-income countries.

The 'Data-Driven Energy Access for Africa' instrument, developed by Nithio, is a financial intermediary that uses AI and geospatial data to provide loans to solar distributors in Sub-Saharan Africa. By standardizing credit risk analysis, the instrument aims to expand financing beyond the largest operators to reach smaller, local distributors and last-mile customers, ultimately targeting the deployment of USD 500 million in loans by 2029.

This report by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) analyzes the financing needs for electricity and clean cooking access in Madagascar to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) by 2030. It evaluates current access levels, identifies financial gaps for off-grid solar, mini-grids, and improved cookstoves, and provides policy recommendations to overcome barriers such as low household purchasing power and lack of quality standards.

The report "Energizing Finance: Taking the Pulse 2019" analyzes the financing requirements to achieve universal energy access (SDG7) by 2030 in Madagascar, the Philippines, and Uganda. It focuses on the roles of mini-grids, stand-alone solar, and improved cookstoves (ICS), estimating a total aggregate investment need of USD 6.4 billion across the three countries, including USD 1.8 billion specifically to address affordability gaps.

This case study describes the impact of FSD Africa's investment in Nithio, an AI-driven climate finance platform that provides receivables-backed financing to off-grid solar companies in Africa to improve energy access for households and small businesses.

This report by ENGIE Energy Access argues that current grant funding for energy access in Sub-Saharan Africa is fragmented, insufficient, and misaligned with market realities. It proposes a strategic roadmap to refocus funding on core household electrification, optimize grant instruments for different market segments, increase the total volume and share of grants in the capital mix, and transition toward coordinated programmatic platforms to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) by 2030.

This report describes two new methodological updates to the Open-Source Spatial Electrification Tool (OnSSET) designed to account for grid unreliability. While standard OnSSET modelling assumes 100% reliability for grid extensions, these updates introduce the Cost of Non-Served Energy (CNSE) and diesel back-up system proxies to more accurately reflect the costs of power outages. A case study in eastern Uganda demonstrates that incorporating these reliability metrics shifts the 'least-cost' electrification pathway away from grid extension and toward decentralized off-grid solutions.

This annex provides a comparative analysis of electrification data for 20 countries with the largest electricity access deficits, triangulating government reports, household surveys, utility data, and industry sales to identify trends and socioeconomic patterns of access.