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This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute describes a study using OECD data to assess the scale and effectiveness of international development finance for nature-based solutions (NbS) in developing countries, specifically focusing on least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS).

This research paper by Zhu Jiejin discusses the establishment and strategic role of the BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) as a mechanism for new South–South co-operation. The author argues that the NDB is designed to address the significant infrastructure financing gaps in developing countries and to supplement, rather than replace, existing multilateral development institutions. The paper proposes five guiding principles for the NDB's institutional design: fair governance, market-based operation, non-intervention with high standards, localisation, and constructive supplement.