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This report examines how increased transparency and a two-track approach—combining domestic accounting improvements with an international data-gathering regime—can accelerate the reform of fossil-fuel subsidies to support climate change and sustainable development goals.

This report examines the restructuring of the coal-mining industry in Poland following the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy starting in 1989.

This research paper examines the political challenges associated with the creation and removal of fossil-fuel subsidies, noting that while such subsidies often lack a legitimate purpose, they persist due to pressure from well-organized political groups.

This executive summary, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in April 2010, synthesizes five research papers on the economic, environmental, and political dimensions of fossil-fuel subsidies. It argues that these subsidies lock economies into fossil-fuel reliance, increase greenhouse gas emissions, and divert funds from social services. The document provides a framework for reform, emphasizing the need for transparency, political strategy, and a two-track approach involving both domestic reporting and a new international data-gathering regime.

This policy brief outlines the necessary components for implementing a multilateral, global program to reform fossil-fuel subsidies, following widespread support for phasing out such subsidies by the G-20 and other entities in late 2009.

A letter from the Green Economy Coalition to G-20 Ministers of Finance urging the urgent implementation of the phase-out of fossil-fuel subsidies to combat climate change and support sustainable development.

This August 2012 factsheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) summarizes research on India's fuel subsidies for high-speed diesel, domestic liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and public distribution system (PDS) kerosene. It details the fiscal burden of these subsidies, the market distortions they create, and provides a roadmap for reform through price deregulation and targeted cash transfers.

This briefing note by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the impact of fossil-fuel subsidy reforms on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. It argues that while SMEs are generally less energy-intensive than large enterprises, they are more vulnerable to price shocks due to lower coping capacities and a heavy reliance on low-income consumers who are most affected by fuel-driven inflation.

The Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform Communiqué advocates for the accelerated elimination of fossil-fuel subsidies to meet global climate targets, citing economic, environmental, and social benefits while emphasizing the need for transparency and protections for vulnerable populations.