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This report by Ember analyzes global electricity demand and supply trends in 2025 and over the preceding two decades. It details the growth of low-carbon sources, specifically solar and wind, and the relative decline of fossil fuels, while noting the impact of weather and policy on national energy mixes.

This briefing by RMI describes how financial institutions can use forward-looking, asset-level data to conduct corporate transition assessments. Using a case study of the steelmaker ArcelorMittal and data from Forward Analytics, the document demonstrates how analyzing investment pipelines against company targets and global or regional transition pathways can identify 'execution gaps,' transition risks, and financing opportunities across sustainability, risk, and front-office functions.

This technical brief describes Phase 2 of the Carbon Rating Framework developed by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI). The framework aims to integrate emissions performance into financial decision-making by assigning a carbon rating (CR1–CR10) based on a company's emissions intensity relative to its revenue. Phase 2 involved testing the framework on a sample of 50 companies to validate its feasibility and ability to differentiate emissions performance across various sectors.

This report by Ember examines the discrepancy between Australia's increasing coal production and its decreasing reported fugitive emissions, attributing the trend to the closure of gassy underground mines and changes in estimation methods for open-cut mining.

This RMI fact sheet introduces the Oil Climate Index plus Gas (OCI+), an open-source interactive tool designed to track and analyze the methane intensity of global oil and gas resources. The document highlights the significant role of methane in industry emissions, the potential for profitable reductions, and the use of satellite technology and environmental justice mapping to mitigate climate and community risks.

This white paper by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes a Carbon Rating Framework designed to help the financial sector incorporate emissions intensity into investment and lending evaluations, specifically to enable transition finance for hard-to-abate sectors in India.

The Energy Transition Dialogues Communique outlines India's climate commitments, including its updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and the significant financial investment required to reach its 2030 and 2070 net-zero targets.

A statement from Manish Bapna of the World Resources Institute analyzing China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025), noting that while it confirms key climate pledges and sets specific energy targets, it lacks detailed implementation paths for achieving carbon neutrality by 2060.

This document presents the draft regulations for greenhouse gas emissions intensity benchmarks under section 11 of the Carbon Tax Act, 2019. It outlines the methodology for taxpayers to determine sector-specific benchmarks and provides a detailed list of industry benchmark values for various industrial sectors, including mining, chemicals, and energy.

This guide outlines the technical standards for commercial and residential buildings in Germany to be eligible as nominated use of proceeds in a Certified Climate Bond under the Climate Bonds Standard.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the design of federal greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations for Canada's oil and gas sector. The authors argue that because the sector has a limited ability to deliver emission intensity improvements by 2020, regulations must incorporate compliance flexibility—both within the sector (via credit trading) and beyond the sector (via price ceilings and offsets)—to remain cost-effective while increasing environmental ambition.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the relationship between economic development in low-income countries and global greenhouse gas emissions budgets. It argues that many climate-economics models rely on overly pessimistic growth projections for the poorest nations, which inadvertently weakens the urgency for high-income countries to reduce their own emissions. The author proposes three scenarios—Without Development, Development with Carbon, and Development without Carbon—to demonstrate how rapid economic growth in the developing world, if not coupled with strong decarbonization policies and funding from rich nations, could lead to a failure of global climate targets.

This guide outlines the eligibility criteria for residential and commercial buildings in Mexico to be certified under the Climate Bonds Standard, focusing on emissions intensity trajectories and Minergie certification requirements.

This technical note describes the India Energy Policy Simulator (EPS-India), a System Dynamics computer model developed by Energy Innovation LLC and the World Resources Institute to help India design policy packages to meet its climate targets.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute analyzes the diverse greenhouse gas reduction targets of G20 countries and converts them into a common metric of absolute emissions levels for the years 2020, 2025, and 2030 to improve clarity on future emissions trajectories.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute outlines policy design considerations for implementing a tradable, low-carbon product standard for the steel industry in the United States to incentivize the adoption of decarbonization technologies while maintaining international competitiveness.

This research paper provides an overview of India's national policies and international commitments aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, specifically focusing on the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and the challenges associated with policy implementation.