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This report by Ember examines the role of large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China's transition from coal power to renewable energy. It argues that while a strategy of diversification into renewables has successfully led to a relative decline in coal's share of the generation mix, China is approaching a critical turning point of absolute coal power decline. The authors advocate for a 'beyond-diversification' approach to manage the socio-economic impacts on the interconnected coal-electricity ecosystem and coal-dependent regions.

This report, co-authored by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) and Peking University's Institute of Energy, examines the role of transition plans in scaling credible transition finance for the power sector, with a specific focus on the Chinese market and the use of Sustainability-Linked Bonds (SLBs).

This report, produced by the Climate Bonds Initiative and Peking University, examines the role of transition finance in decarbonising China's power sector. It emphasizes the necessity of credible, science-based transition plans to attract capital and avoid greenwashing, while analyzing the use of sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) and use-of-proceeds (UoP) instruments. The document provides a framework for electrical utilities to develop transition roadmaps and includes case studies of Vattenfall, Enel, and China Huaneng Group to illustrate varying levels of alignment with global standards.

This report outlines the critical role of China's iron and steel industry in meeting global climate goals and provides a framework for companies to set aligned targets and implement decarbonization mechanisms.

The China Sustainable Debt State of the Market Report 2022, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative, CCDC Research, and CIB Research, analyzes the growth and composition of China's green, social, sustainability, sustainability-linked (SLB), and transition bond markets (GSS+) through the end of 2022.

This discussion paper by Ember reviews the development of coal power in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) and proposes policy entry points to transition coal power from a primary energy source to a supportive role providing flexibility and backup capacity for a decarbonised grid.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes post-issuance reporting practices for green bonds in China, focusing on the availability and quality of Use of Proceeds (UoP) and environmental impact disclosures. While China possesses a stringent regulatory framework, the report finds that reporting availability is lower than global averages, particularly regarding impact disclosure. The study highlights a strong preference for core metrics and cumulative impact reporting among Chinese issuers, while identifying inconsistencies across different regulatory bodies and bond types.

The Climate Action Tracker (CAT) report analyzes passenger vehicle stock scenarios in China to determine their impact on carbon emissions and electricity demand. It evaluates three scenarios—Pre-COVID-19, Current Policies, and 100% BEV—across two electricity decarbonization pathways, concluding that achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 requires both a 100% battery electric vehicle (BEV) fleet and a fully decarbonized power sector.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative explores the concept of "deep green" finance in China, moving beyond the funding of individual sustainable assets to financing the systemic transformation of entire sectors and economies. Using Shanxi and Sichuan provinces as case studies, the author argues that true sustainability requires addressing structural barriers, such as coal dependency and market design, and proposes a framework of four tests and six recommendations to implement transformational green finance.

A June 2020 briefing by Global Energy Monitor and the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) reports a resurgence in China's coal power sector, with accelerated approvals and planning of new plants despite existing overcapacity and global trends toward decarbonization.

This report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the growth of China's coal-fired power fleet between 2018 and 2019, contrasting it with a global trend of coal capacity reduction. It examines the impact of a provincial permitting boom (2014–2016), the subsequent failure of central government restrictions to stop construction, and the incompatibility of China's projected coal capacity with IPCC climate targets for limiting global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C.

This fact sheet describes a green municipal bond issued by the Jiangxi Province of China on June 18, 2019, which is the first of its kind by a local government in China.

A Green Bond Fact Sheet detailing a CNY130m green asset-backed security (ABS) issued by Anshun Automobile Transport Company on July 19, 2019, to support coach and public bus services in Anshun city, China.

This fact sheet details a CNY1bn green private placement note issued by Nanjing Pukou Kangju Construction Group on January 29, 2019, to finance affordable housing meeting specific green building certifications in China.

This handbook by the Climate Bonds Initiative provides a comprehensive guide for foreign entities wishing to issue green panda bonds in mainland China. It details the regulatory landscape, the definition of green panda bonds, the step-by-step issuance process, and the specific requirements for both panda bonds and green bonds within the Chinese market.

The report 'State of the Market 2018: Corporate Renewable Procurement in China' analyzes the transition of China's renewable energy market from a feed-in-tariff (FiT) system to a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS). It examines the available mechanisms for corporations to procure green electricity, noting that while on-site solar and direct investments are currently viable, large-scale transaction mechanisms remain limited and dependent on evolving provincial and national policies.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) provides a framework and technical guidance for establishing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventory management systems within national-level economic and technological development zones in China. It details the processes for planning, developing, and managing GHG inventories to support low-carbon industrial transitions.

The Ember China Solar Export Data Methodology guide outlines how Ember tracks China's solar photovoltaic exports, utilizing data from the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China (GACC) and pricing from InfoLink Consulting Group to estimate export capacity in megawatts (MW).

This guide outlines the process for issuing green bonds in China, detailing the identification of eligible assets, the role of independent reviews, and the necessity of tracking and reporting procedures to ensure transparency and investor confidence.

This guide by the International Institute for Sustainable Development provides a step-by-step framework for issuing green bonds in China. It outlines the requirements for qualifying green assets, the necessity of independent verification, the processes for tracking and reporting proceeds, and the specific regulatory bodies responsible for approving different types of bonds. The document emphasizes that any bond type can be 'green' if the proceeds are earmarked for qualifying environmental projects, and it highlights the potential for re-labelling existing bonds in China that already fund green assets.