Search Climate Insights Directory

This report by the Public Affairs Research Institute (PARI) evaluates whether the current South African model for providing basic municipal services—electricity, water, and sanitation—reduces poverty or entrenches inequality. It concludes that the cost-recovery model is a 'lose-lose' system that impoverishes low-income households by forcing them to sacrifice food expenditure to pay for services, while simultaneously failing to ensure the financial viability of municipalities.

This research paper examines the legal framework and practical administration of bail within the Nigerian criminal justice system. It analyzes the tension between state interests in prosecution and the constitutional presumption of innocence, highlighting systemic failures including police corruption, gender discrimination in surety requirements, and the prevalence of 'holding charges' that lead to prolonged pre-trial detention in dilapidated prison conditions.