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This briefing describes the objectives and challenges associated with negotiating the implementation guidelines, often called the 'Paris rulebook', for the Paris Agreement during COP23. It outlines the core components of these guidelines, the primary technical and political sticking points, and the expected outcomes required to finalize the rules by 2018.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the state of negotiations regarding Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) leading up to the 2009 COP 15 in Copenhagen. It examines the technical and political challenges surrounding the scope of REDD, financing mechanisms, measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) systems, and institutional governance, providing guidance for developing countries to navigate these negotiations.