ENHANCING NDCS BY 2020: ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT

This working paper by the World Resources Institute outlines a menu of options for countries to enhance their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by 2020 to better align with the goals of the 2015 Paris Agreement.

• There is a narrowing window of opportunity to close the gap between the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trajectory required for the 2015 Paris Agreement goals and the trajectory indicated by current NDCs, making early enhanced action essential to avoid the most catastrophic climate impacts.
• Parties can communicate new or updated NDCs by 2020, utilizing outcomes from a 2018 facilitative dialogue and incorporating policy, technological, and sectoral developments that have occurred since 2015.
• The paper provides a non-exclusive menu of options for Parties to enhance their NDCs, covering mitigation ambition, adaptation plans and actions, implementation, and the clarity, transparency, and understanding of the contributions.

APA

FRANSEN, T., NORTHROP, E., MOGELGAARD, K., & LEVIN, K. (2017). ENHANCING NDCS BY 2020: ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT. World Resources Institute. https://wriorg.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/enhancing-ndcs-2020-achieving-goals-paris-agreement_0.pdf

Chicago

FRANSEN, TARYN, ELIZA NORTHROP, KATHLEEN MOGELGAARD, and KELLY LEVIN. ENHANCING NDCS BY 2020: ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT. World Resources Institute, 2017. https://wriorg.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/enhancing-ndcs-2020-achieving-goals-paris-agreement_0.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=FRANSEN |first1=TARYN |last2=NORTHROP |first2=ELIZA |last3=MOGELGAARD |first3=KATHLEEN |last4=LEVIN |first4=KELLY |title=ENHANCING NDCS BY 2020: ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT |publisher=World Resources Institute |date=November 2017 |url=https://wriorg.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/enhancing-ndcs-2020-achieving-goals-paris-agreement_0.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{fransen2017enhancing, author = {FRANSEN, TARYN and NORTHROP, ELIZA and MOGELGAARD, KATHLEEN and LEVIN, KELLY}, title = {{ENHANCING NDCS BY 2020: ACHIEVING THE GOALS OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT}}, institution = {World Resources Institute}, year = {2017}, month = nov, url = {https://wriorg.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/enhancing-ndcs-2020-achieving-goals-paris-agreement_0.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }