How Can Indonesia Achieve Its Climate Change Mitigation Goal?

The analysis finds that Indonesia's existing land-use and energy policies are insufficient to meet its unconditional 29% emissions reduction target by 2030, but strengthened policies could surpass this goal. The forest moratorium is identified as the policy with the highest mitigation potential, while the energy sector is projected to become the dominant source of emissions by 2026–27, necessitating urgent shifts toward renewable energy and conservation to avoid carbon lock-in.

• Existing mitigation policies in the land-use and energy sectors are insufficient to meet Indonesia's unconditional NDC target of 2,037 MtCO2e (a 29% reduction over business as usual), as they are estimated to result in emissions of approximately 2,311 MtCO2.
• Implementing strengthened policies would reduce total emissions to approximately 1,733 MtCO2, which would exceed the unconditional 29% reduction target.
• The forest moratorium represents the policy with the highest mitigation potential; renewing it through 2030 in its current form could reduce emissions by 188 MtCO2, while expanding it to include secondary forests and concession license areas could reduce emissions by up to 437 MtCO2 in 2030.
• The energy sector is expected to be the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions by 2026–27. Achieving renewable energy mix targets could reduce emissions by 266 MtCO2 by 2030, and combining this with energy conservation could increase reductions to approximately 544 MtCO2.
• Immediate action on energy conservation and renewable energy is necessary to avoid creating infrastructure that locks in emissions-intensive pathways, which would be costly or impossible to reverse in time to limit warming.

APA

World Resources Institute (n.d.). How Can Indonesia Achieve Its Climate Change Mitigation Goal? https://www.wri.org/research/how-can-indonesia-achieve-its-climate-change-mitigation-goal-analysis-potential-emissions

Chicago

World Resources Institute. How Can Indonesia Achieve Its Climate Change Mitigation Goal? n.d. https://www.wri.org/research/how-can-indonesia-achieve-its-climate-change-mitigation-goal-analysis-potential-emissions.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=World Resources Institute |title=How Can Indonesia Achieve Its Climate Change Mitigation Goal? |url=https://www.wri.org/research/how-can-indonesia-achieve-its-climate-change-mitigation-goal-analysis-potential-emissions |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{worldresourcesinstitutendhow, author = {{World Resources Institute}}, title = {{How Can Indonesia Achieve Its Climate Change Mitigation Goal?}}, institution = {World Resources Institute}, url = {https://www.wri.org/research/how-can-indonesia-achieve-its-climate-change-mitigation-goal-analysis-potential-emissions}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }