Indonesia’s Draft Climate Plan (INDC): A Good Start, but Improvements Necessary for Success

Indonesia's draft INDC proposes an unconditional 29% emissions reduction by 2030, rising to 41% with international assistance. The World Resources Institute identifies gaps in transparency and ambition, specifically urging the government to publish its business-as-usual (BAU) baseline, increase its unconditional target, and include quantitative carbon stock targets for the land sector to address the fact that nearly 55% of its emissions stem from deforestation and peatland destruction.

• Indonesia's draft INDC proposes a 29 percent unconditional emissions reduction by 2030, which could increase to 41 percent if the country receives international cooperation and assistance.
• The draft INDC lacks transparency because it does not publish the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario emissions against which the reduction targets are measured, making it impossible to track progress.
• The land-use sector is a critical area for mitigation as nearly 55 percent of Indonesia's emissions are caused by peatland destruction, forest degradation, and deforestation.
• The document recommends that Indonesia increase its unconditional target by incorporating an "optimistic" scenario analyzed by the Planning Ministry (BAPPENAS) or by presenting a range of targets.

APA

Fransen, T. (2015). Indonesia’s Draft Climate Plan (INDC): A Good Start, but Improvements Necessary for Success. World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/insights/indonesias-draft-climate-plan-indc-good-start-improvements-necessary-success

Chicago

Fransen, Taryn. Indonesia’s Draft Climate Plan (INDC): A Good Start, but Improvements Necessary for Success. World Resources Institute, 2015. https://www.wri.org/insights/indonesias-draft-climate-plan-indc-good-start-improvements-necessary-success.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Fransen |first1=Taryn |title=Indonesia’s Draft Climate Plan (INDC): A Good Start, but Improvements Necessary for Success |publisher=World Resources Institute |date=16 September 2015 |url=https://www.wri.org/insights/indonesias-draft-climate-plan-indc-good-start-improvements-necessary-success |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{fransen2015indonesias, author = {Fransen, Taryn}, title = {{Indonesia’s Draft Climate Plan (INDC): A Good Start, but Improvements Necessary for Success}}, institution = {World Resources Institute}, year = {2015}, month = sep, url = {https://www.wri.org/insights/indonesias-draft-climate-plan-indc-good-start-improvements-necessary-success}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }