Varför multifunktionella våtmarker? En studie om våtmarksimplementering och aktörssamverkan i Sverige

The report examines Sweden's experience with wetland implementation, noting that the country achieved only 60% of its target to add 12,000 hectares of wetlands between 2000 and 2010. While the primary focus has been on nutrient reduction (nitrogen and phosphorus), the study argues for a 'multifunctional' approach that includes flood risk reduction, irrigation, biodiversity enhancement, and biomass production. Key barriers identified include complex water legislation, insufficient financial compensation for farmers' income loss, and a restrictive regulatory focus on nutrient retention. Conversely, successful large-scale projects are characterized by a river basin approach, strong local leadership, and comprehensive support systems.

• Sweden failed to meet its national target for wetland expansion between 2000 and 2010, achieving only 60% of the goal to establish 12,000 hectares of wetlands.
• The Rural Development Programme (RDP) is the primary financial channel, providing investment support up to 200,000 SEK/ha and annual maintenance payments between 1,500 and 5,000 SEK/ha, though these often fail to cover the full income loss from taking productive land out of use.
• Implementation models vary in effectiveness; individual farmer initiatives are common but often 'weak and scattered,' while organized farmer collaborations and municipality-led projects using a river basin approach show higher potential for large-scale success.
• Nutrient retention efficiency varies significantly by funding source; wetlands implemented via local investment programs (LIP) generally show higher efficiency (e.g., 500 kg N/ha per year) compared to those under the Rural Development Programme (e.g., 100 kg N/ha per year) due to more optimal siting.
• Complex and outdated water legislation, including old drainage permits and the requirement for unanimous agreement among all participants in a drainage company, significantly hinder the implementation of new wetland projects.
• Regulatory frameworks and County Administrative Boards (CABs) often restrict multifunctionality by reducing financial support if wetlands are used for purposes other than nutrient reduction, such as irrigation.
• Successful large-scale implementation requires involving key actors who maintain long-term relationships with farmers, providing comprehensive technical and financial support, and adopting a water basin perspective.

APA

Andersson, K. (2012). Varför multifunktionella våtmarker? En studie om våtmarksimplementering och aktörssamverkan i Sverige. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/sei-wp-2012-08-sverige-vatmarker.pdf

Chicago

Andersson, Kim. Varför multifunktionella våtmarker? En studie om våtmarksimplementering och aktörssamverkan i Sverige. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2012. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/sei-wp-2012-08-sverige-vatmarker.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Andersson |first1=Kim |title=Varför multifunktionella våtmarker? En studie om våtmarksimplementering och aktörssamverkan i Sverige |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=December 2012 |url=https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/sei-wp-2012-08-sverige-vatmarker.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{andersson2012varfr, author = {Andersson, Kim}, title = {{Varför multifunktionella våtmarker? En studie om våtmarksimplementering och aktörssamverkan i Sverige}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2012}, month = dec, url = {https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/Air-land-water-resources/sei-wp-2012-08-sverige-vatmarker.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }