Global miljöpåverkan och lokala fotavtryck - analys av fyra svenska kommuners totala konsumtion

This report, produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute for the think tank Cogito, analyzes the environmental impact of total consumption in Sweden and four specific municipalities: Gothenburg, Linköping, Malmö, and Stockholm. Using the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) tool, the report compares consumption-based emissions—which include imported goods—against traditional national reporting, highlighting the significant gap between the two and the unsustainability of the Swedish lifestyle.

• If the entire global population adopted the Swedish lifestyle, it would require resources equivalent to 3.25 Earths, indicating an unsustainable distribution of global resources.
• Consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions for Sweden are approximately 90% higher than those reported in official national statistics. This discrepancy is even more pronounced at the municipal level, particularly in Stockholm, where the increase is 439% when using the consumption perspective.
• In 2004, the average consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions in Sweden were 14.19 tonnes of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e) per person. This is 3.5 times the global average of approximately four tonnes per person per year. To meet the political two-degree target, emissions would need to drop to two tonnes per person by 2050, requiring an 85% reduction from current levels.
• Household consumption is the primary driver of environmental impact. For greenhouse gases, households account for 62% of total consumption emissions, with housing, food, and transport each contributing roughly one quarter. For the ecological footprint, households account for 77% of the total, with the same three sectors being the most significant.
• Among the four analyzed municipalities, Stockholm consistently shows the highest environmental impact. In 2004, its greenhouse gas emissions were 15.68 tCO2e per person, and in 2007, its ecological footprint was 6.17 global hectares (gha) per person, both of which are above the national averages.
• The ecological footprint of Sweden was 5.88 global hectares (gha) per person in 2007. This significantly exceeds the available biological capacity of 1.8 gha per person, which is necessary for a fair and sustainable global development.
• National emissions data from the RUS database can be misleading because it only counts emissions within borders. For example, Gothenburg has high national emissions due to local industry, but much of this is exported. Conversely, Stockholm has fewer industries within its borders, making its national reporting look better despite having a higher consumption-based impact.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (n.d.). Global miljöpåverkan och lokala fotavtryck - analys av fyra svenska kommuners totala konsumtion. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-AxelssonK-GlobalMiljopaverkanOchLokalaFotavtryck-2012.pdf

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. Global miljöpåverkan och lokala fotavtryck - analys av fyra svenska kommuners totala konsumtion. n.d. https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-AxelssonK-GlobalMiljopaverkanOchLokalaFotavtryck-2012.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=Global miljöpåverkan och lokala fotavtryck - analys av fyra svenska kommuners totala konsumtion |url=https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-AxelssonK-GlobalMiljopaverkanOchLokalaFotavtryck-2012.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitutendglobal, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{Global miljöpåverkan och lokala fotavtryck - analys av fyra svenska kommuners totala konsumtion}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, url = {https://www.sei.org/mediamanager/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-AxelssonK-GlobalMiljopaverkanOchLokalaFotavtryck-2012.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }