آفاق الطاقة في دولة الكويت

This executive summary outlines the energy landscape of Kuwait, highlighting its heavy reliance on oil exports and domestic fossil fuel consumption. It projects energy demand and production through 2035 under a 'business-as-usual' scenario, emphasizing the need for economic diversification, improved energy efficiency in buildings and transport, and a transition toward natural gas and renewable energy to reduce carbon intensity and greenhouse gas emissions.

• Kuwait's economy is heavily dependent on oil, with the sector accounting for approximately 90% of export revenues and about 40% of the total GDP. The country is among the top ten global oil producers and ranks sixth in proven reserves.
• Under a business-as-usual scenario, Kuwait's energy demand is projected to increase by one-third by 2035. While the share of oil in primary energy demand is expected to decline to just over 40% by 2035 due to a shift toward natural gas and solar power, renewable energy's share will remain low at only 3% by that year.
• Kuwait aims to increase crude oil production to 3.5 million barrels per day by 2035, with a capacity target of 4 million barrels per day in the coming decade. Natural gas production is expected to rise from 17.4 billion cubic meters in 2017 to 27.3 billion cubic meters by 2035, though LNG imports will likely remain necessary to meet demand.
• The electricity sector faces challenges including frequent partial and total outages. To address this, the Ministry of Electricity and Water plans to add 17.6 GW of capacity, bringing the total to 32 GW by 2035 (a 70% increase from 2018). Renewable energy, primarily solar, is expected to constitute 16% of total generation capacity by 2035.
• Energy efficiency in the building sector is hindered by outdated regulations; the 1983 energy conservation code remained unrevised for 27 years. Air conditioning accounts for approximately 70% of residential electricity demand. While updated codes were introduced in 2010, 2014, and 2017, the sector remains a major source of inefficient consumption.
• The transport sector is characterized by a high reliance on private cars, which accounted for nearly 80% of the total transport mix in 2017. Fuel prices are among the lowest globally, and the lack of a modern public transport network (including metro and tram) limits the transition away from oil-based transport.
• Greenhouse gas emissions are projected to rise from 83 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2015 to 103.4 million tonnes by 2035, an annual growth rate of 1.1%, which is double the global average. Per capita CO2 emissions were 21.1 tonnes in 2015, among the highest in the world.
• Kuwait produces the third-largest amount of desalinated water in the GCC, after Saudi Arabia and the UAE, meeting about 90% of its consumption. Multi-stage flash distillation currently dominates, but its share is expected to drop below 40% by 2035, with multi-effect distillation expected to account for about half of production.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (n.d.). آفاق الطاقة في دولة الكويت. https://leap.sei.org/documents/keo2019/KEO_arabic_executive_summary.pdf

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. آفاق الطاقة في دولة الكويت. n.d. https://leap.sei.org/documents/keo2019/KEO_arabic_executive_summary.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=آفاق الطاقة في دولة الكويت |url=https://leap.sei.org/documents/keo2019/KEO_arabic_executive_summary.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitutend, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{آفاق الطاقة في دولة الكويت}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, url = {https://leap.sei.org/documents/keo2019/KEO_arabic_executive_summary.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }