Municipal consumption-based emissions

The document discusses the shift from territorial to consumption-based emission tracking in Nordic municipalities to capture embodied emissions from imported goods and services. It highlights that imported embodied CO2 emissions in final consumption ranged from 45% in Finland to nearly 60% in Iceland in 2015. The brief identifies data collection across value chains as a primary challenge and notes that the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for cities (GPC) lacks detailed guidance for comprehensive consumption-based assessments.

• Nordic countries generate significant emissions outside their borders through the consumption of goods and services, with imported embodied CO2 emissions in final consumption ranging from 45% for Finland to nearly 60% for Iceland in 2015, varying based on factors like industrial structure.
• Municipalities face a significant challenge in collecting data and estimating impacts from local consumption across value chains, and the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for cities (GPC) does not currently offer detailed guidance for these comprehensive assessments.
• While Nordic municipalities often set ambitious climate-neutrality goals, their tracking has primarily relied on territorial or area-based approaches, which document where gases are emitted rather than where the consumption driving those emissions occurs.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2023). Municipal consumption-based emissions. https://www.sei.org/publications/municipal-consumption-based-emissions/

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. Municipal consumption-based emissions. 2023. https://www.sei.org/publications/municipal-consumption-based-emissions/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=Municipal consumption-based emissions |date=29 September 2023 |url=https://www.sei.org/publications/municipal-consumption-based-emissions/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2023municipal, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{Municipal consumption-based emissions}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2023}, month = sep, url = {https://www.sei.org/publications/municipal-consumption-based-emissions/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }