CO2 labelling of cars

This research paper reviews the current state of car labeling schemes in the European Union and proposes improvements to enhance consumer information regarding fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.

• While all EU Member States have formally implemented national car labeling schemes, the presentation of information is not uniform. Only 13 Member States use graphic labels, which vary in terms of design, metrics, and vehicle classification.
• Current fuel consumption data provided to consumers underestimates annual fuel costs by several hundred euro per vehicle.
• The authors recommend three changes to make car labeling more effective: adopting a uniform label similar to the EU energy label, using data and metrics that accurately reflect real-world fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, and implementing a scale that differentiates between efficient hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2016). CO2 labelling of cars. https://www.sei.org/publications/co2-labelling-of-cars/

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. CO2 labelling of cars. 2016. https://www.sei.org/publications/co2-labelling-of-cars/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=CO2 labelling of cars |date=24 May 2016 |url=https://www.sei.org/publications/co2-labelling-of-cars/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2016co2, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{CO2 labelling of cars}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2016}, month = may, url = {https://www.sei.org/publications/co2-labelling-of-cars/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }