Survey Bias in Clean Cooking

The research identifies a significant discrepancy between self-reported and actual LPG consumption, finding that 78% of respondents over-reported their usage, which challenges the reliability of face-to-face survey data commonly used in developing countries.

• There is a statistically significant difference between how consumers self-report their annual LPG consumption and the actual consumption recorded in cylinder purchase records, with only 15% of consumers providing accurate reports.
• Reporting errors in clean cooking consumption are systemically biased toward over-reporting; approximately 78% of respondents over-reported their consumption, whereas only 6% under-reported.
• The prevalence of these reporting errors suggests that research relying on face-to-face interview surveys—the standard method in developing countries—may be unreliable.

APA

Stockholm Environment Institute (2020). Survey Bias in Clean Cooking. https://www.sei.org/publications/survey-bias-clean-cooking/

Chicago

Stockholm Environment Institute. Survey Bias in Clean Cooking. 2020. https://www.sei.org/publications/survey-bias-clean-cooking/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Stockholm Environment Institute |title=Survey Bias in Clean Cooking |date=24 April 2020 |url=https://www.sei.org/publications/survey-bias-clean-cooking/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stockholmenvironmentinstitute2020survey, author = {{Stockholm Environment Institute}}, title = {{Survey Bias in Clean Cooking}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2020}, month = apr, url = {https://www.sei.org/publications/survey-bias-clean-cooking/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }