Microsoft Word - Review_VIII_Final_13_10 ruosinys 29 psl bruksnys trumpinti i apac

The document examines the shift in Russian foreign policy under President Dmitry Medvedev, analyzing the tension between his proposed 'modernization' and the 'hard power' approach demonstrated during the 2008 conflict in Georgia. It explores Russia's strategic interests in the 'near abroad' (CIS), its pursuit of a multipolar world order to counter US unilateralism, and its complex relationships with the EU, China, and the US. Key themes include the use of energy as a political tool, the militarization of the Arctic, and the role of international law and institutions like the OSCE and Council of Europe.

• The 2008 conflict in Georgia and the subsequent recognition of South Ossetia and Abkhazia are viewed as a 'red line' for Russia, signaling its opposition to NATO enlargement into the CIS space, specifically regarding Ukraine and Georgia.
• President Dmitry Medvedev's initial foreign policy agenda emphasized cooperation over confrontation, proposing a new European security architecture and a greater role for the UN, though this was complicated by the Georgian crisis.
• Russia utilizes its energy resources as a strategic tool for political leverage, particularly against the EU and post-Soviet neighbors, while facing a long-term risk of 'Dutch Disease' due to over-dependence on oil and gas exports.
• Russia's relationship with China is characterized as a 'strategic partnership' based on pragmatism and a shared interest in a multipolar world, though it is not a formal alliance and is marked by economic asymmetries.
• Russia is increasing its military presence and assertiveness in the Arctic to protect its claims to energy resources and counter what it perceives as 'offensive' US and NATO activities in the High North.
• The Russian military's influence on foreign policy is primarily limited to the execution of force and the management of the nuclear arsenal, rather than the strategic formulation of policy, which remains centered in the Kremlin.
• Russia's approach to the 'common neighbourhood' (CIS) involves a mix of economic pressure, 'trade wars', and military intervention to maintain a sphere of influence and counter the EU's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP).
• Relations between Russia and the US reached a low point after the 2008 Georgian war, leading to the suspension of military-to-military contacts and a freeze in progress on the CFE Treaty and WTO accession.
• Russia maintains a complex relationship with European legal institutions; while it complies with European Court of Human Rights compensation orders, it has refused to ratify Protocol 14 and faces criticism for human rights violations in the North Caucasus.

APA

Peace Research Institute Oslo (n.d.). Microsoft Word - Review_VIII_Final_13_10 ruosinys 29 psl bruksnys trumpinti i apac. https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/9ad18df8-34f7-48e0-9e93-5d0fa34c0f75/review_viii_final_13_10.pdf?inline=true

Chicago

Peace Research Institute Oslo. Microsoft Word - Review_VIII_Final_13_10 ruosinys 29 psl bruksnys trumpinti i apac. n.d. https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/9ad18df8-34f7-48e0-9e93-5d0fa34c0f75/review_viii_final_13_10.pdf?inline=true.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Peace Research Institute Oslo |title=Microsoft Word - Review_VIII_Final_13_10 ruosinys 29 psl bruksnys trumpinti i apac |url=https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/9ad18df8-34f7-48e0-9e93-5d0fa34c0f75/review_viii_final_13_10.pdf?inline=true |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{peaceresearchinstituteoslondmicrosoft, author = {{Peace Research Institute Oslo}}, title = {{Microsoft Word - Review\_VIII\_Final\_13\_10 ruosinys 29 psl bruksnys trumpinti i apac}}, institution = {Peace Research Institute Oslo}, url = {https://cdn.cloud.prio.org/files/9ad18df8-34f7-48e0-9e93-5d0fa34c0f75/review_viii_final_13_10.pdf?inline=true}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }