Regulating New Fossil Fuel Appliances

The report highlights a regulatory gap where residential fossil-fuel appliances emit significantly more nitrogen oxides than gas-fired power plants despite the latter being regulated. It asserts that the EPA can use Section 111(b) of the Clean Air Act to establish nationwide performance standards for these appliances, citing electric-heat-pump technology as a demonstrated means of emission reduction and suggesting a system of emissions averaging and trading for manufacturers.

• Fossil fuel-powered appliances in residential and commercial buildings produce nearly three times the smog-forming nitrogen oxides of the United States' gas-fired power plants and a comparable amount of carbon dioxide.
• The EPA possesses the authority under Section 111(b) of the Clean Air Act to implement nationwide performance standards for new fossil-fuel appliances in both commercial and residential sectors, with electric-heat-pump technology serving as a demonstrated method for reducing emissions.
• The EPA could implement standards that permit the averaging and trading of emissions across the appliance fleets of different manufacturers.

APA

Girma, J. L. R. R. H. E. A. N. (2021). Regulating New Fossil Fuel Appliances. Institute for Policy Integrity. https://policyintegrity.org/publications/detail/regulating-new-fossil-fuel-appliances

Chicago

Girma, Jack Lienke, Rachel Rothschild, Henry Engelstein, and Nardos. Regulating New Fossil Fuel Appliances. Institute for Policy Integrity, 2021. https://policyintegrity.org/publications/detail/regulating-new-fossil-fuel-appliances.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Girma |first1=Jack Lienke, Rachel Rothschild, Henry Engelstein, and Nardos |title=Regulating New Fossil Fuel Appliances |publisher=Institute for Policy Integrity |date=15 October 2021 |url=https://policyintegrity.org/publications/detail/regulating-new-fossil-fuel-appliances |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{girma2021regulating, author = {Girma, Jack Lienke, Rachel Rothschild, Henry Engelstein, and Nardos}, title = {{Regulating New Fossil Fuel Appliances}}, institution = {Institute for Policy Integrity}, year = {2021}, month = oct, url = {https://policyintegrity.org/publications/detail/regulating-new-fossil-fuel-appliances}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }