Evaluation of the National Adaptation Plan Process of Viet Nam 2021-2025

The evaluation of Viet Nam's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) 2021-2025 reveals that while a robust institutional and legal framework has been established, implementation remains uneven across sectors and regions. Approximately 20% of the 142 priority tasks have been completed, with 74% continuing into an updated NAP. Significant progress was made in state management, agriculture, and disaster risk monitoring, but critical gaps persist in gender equality and social inclusion (GESI), private sector financing, and the widespread deployment of scientific research. The report emphasizes the need for better intersectoral coordination and dedicated funding to ensure sustainable climate resilience.

• Of the 142 priority adaptation tasks identified in the original NAP (Decision No. 1055/QD-TTg), approximately 20% are completed, 74% are continued in the updated NAP, 5% are unsure, and 1% have been abandoned due to irrelevance.
• Viet Nam has established a comprehensive legal framework for climate change adaptation (CCA), anchored by the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 and the National Strategy on Climate Change to 2050, which has improved the capacity to guide CCA activities at both central and local levels.
• Agricultural adaptation has seen success through crop and livestock restructuring, such as the development of salt-tolerant rootstocks for grapefruit in Ben Tre and the conversion of inefficient rice land to higher-value crops in Khanh Hoa.
• Significant investments have been made in water resource infrastructure to combat drought and salinity, including the construction of reservoirs in Ninh Thuan that protect nearly 20,000 ha of agricultural land.
• The transportation sector has enhanced resilience by integrating climate scenarios into infrastructure design, particularly in the Mekong Delta, and piloting porous asphalt concrete to reduce flooding on national highways.
• Urban adaptation efforts include large-scale flood control projects, such as a tidal flood control project in Ho Chi Minh City costing nearly VND 10 trillion.
• Hydrometeorological monitoring has been modernized through the installation of automatic stations and salinity-measuring devices, though capacity remains higher in the Mekong Delta and Central region than in the Northern mountainous region and Central Highlands.
• The state budget provides 40% of CCA investment resources, with a heavy focus on large infrastructure via the MARD, MOC, and Ministry of Transport, while sectors like education and public awareness remain underfunded.
• Green credit in the banking system grew by over 22% annually from 2017 to 2023, reaching a balance of VND 620,984 billion by the end of 2023, primarily supporting renewable energy and green agriculture.
• Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) integration is critically low; only 3 of 15 ministries and 12 of 44 provinces mentioned gender or vulnerable groups in their NAP implementation reports.
• The Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) failed to meet timelines for developing gender-integrated CCA policies and communication plans due to a total lack of allocated funds for 2021–2022.
• Scientific research on CCA is largely stalled in the pilot stage and has not been widely deployed across different ecological regions.
• Implementation is hindered by weak intersectoral coordination, a lack of quantifiable metrics for local planning, and a shortage of specialized climate change experts at the provincial and district levels.

APA

Thinh, D. Q., Thuy, T. T., Phuong, T. A., Thuy, N. T., Huong, N. B., & Hien, N. T. (2025). Evaluation of the National Adaptation Plan Process of Viet Nam 2021-2025. NAP Global Network. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/vietnam-evalutation-final-v1.pdf

Chicago

Thinh, Dang Quang, Tran Thanh Thuy, Tran Anh Phuong, Nguyen Thanh Thuy, Nguyen Bich Huong, and Nguyen Thu Hien. Evaluation of the National Adaptation Plan Process of Viet Nam 2021-2025. NAP Global Network, 2025. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/vietnam-evalutation-final-v1.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Thinh |first1=Dang Quang |last2=Thuy |first2=Tran Thanh |last3=Phuong |first3=Tran Anh |last4=Thuy |first4=Nguyen Thanh |last5=Huong |first5=Nguyen Bich |last6=Hien |first6=Nguyen Thu |title=Evaluation of the National Adaptation Plan Process of Viet Nam 2021-2025 |publisher=NAP Global Network |date=December 2025 |url=https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/vietnam-evalutation-final-v1.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{thinh2025evaluation, author = {Thinh, Dang Quang and Thuy, Tran Thanh and Phuong, Tran Anh and Thuy, Nguyen Thanh and Huong, Nguyen Bich and Hien, Nguyen Thu}, title = {{Evaluation of the National Adaptation Plan Process of Viet Nam 2021-2025}}, institution = {NAP Global Network}, year = {2025}, month = dec, url = {https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/vietnam-evalutation-final-v1.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }