Avances de Colombia en el desarrollo de un Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo y Evaluación para la adaptación al cambio climático

Colombia has been developing a National Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for climate change adaptation since 2014 as part of its National Adaptation Plan (PNACC). Initial efforts led to the creation of the National Adaptation Indicator System (SNIACC), which identified 34 indicators across seven categories. However, the country is now shifting toward a more strategic M&E approach that moves beyond vulnerability metrics to evaluate the management and impact of adaptation actions. Key lessons include the need for flexible, multi-scalar tools that can aggregate local data into national macroeconomic indicators and international reporting commitments, such as the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). Future goals include institutionalizing M&E within the National Development Plan 2018-2022 and partnering with academia and statistical institutes to ensure data rigor.

• Colombia's climate vulnerability is widespread, with the Third National Communication on Climate Change (TCN) indicating that the entire territory faces some level of climate risk. Specific projections include temperature increases up to 2.6°C in the Eastern region, precipitation increases up to 30% in the Andean region, and precipitation decreases up to 30% in the Atlantic region.
• The National Adaptation Indicator System (SNIACC), developed between 2015 and 2016 with technical assistance from the Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN), selected 34 indicators from a pool of over 150. These indicators cover threat, exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and impact across seven categories: biodiversity and ecosystem services, water resources, agriculture and food security, infrastructure, energy, human habitat, and health.
• Experience with the SNIACC and TCN revealed that indicators alone are insufficient for a comprehensive M&E system. Lessons learned include the fact that national-level information can underestimate local adaptation results and that quantitative indicators must be complemented by qualitative tools, such as interviews and social science methods, to provide a complete overview of adaptation.
• Colombia is redefining its M&E objective to be more strategic, focusing on evaluating the management and impact of actions rather than just monitoring vulnerability. A survey of the inter-institutional M&E table identified three primary goals: measuring the efficiency of adaptation actions, tracking the National Climate Change Policy, and monitoring adaptation commitments within the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).
• The proposed M&E framework requires a multi-scalar approach where regional and sector-specific indicators are aggregated to evaluate national goals. This aggregation is intended to monitor the national adaptation goal, estimate impacts on macroeconomic indicators like the Multidimensional Poverty Index, and ensure comparability with other countries using the ND-Gain Index.
• To ensure the sustainability and rigor of the M&E system, Colombia aims to institutionalize the process within the National Development Plan 2018-2022 and the National Climate Change Information System (created by Law 1931 of 2018). The government identifies academia and statistical research institutes as strategic partners for data collection and statistical validation.

APA

Cruz, L. C. (2019). Avances de Colombia en el desarrollo de un Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo y Evaluación para la adaptación al cambio climático. NAP Global Network. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/nap-es-2019-snapshot-colombia-progress-in-developing-a-national-monitoring-and-evaluation-system-for-climate-change-adaptation.pdf

Chicago

Cruz, Laura Camila. Avances de Colombia en el desarrollo de un Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo y Evaluación para la adaptación al cambio climático. NAP Global Network, 2019. https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/nap-es-2019-snapshot-colombia-progress-in-developing-a-national-monitoring-and-evaluation-system-for-climate-change-adaptation.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Cruz |first1=Laura Camila |title=Avances de Colombia en el desarrollo de un Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo y Evaluación para la adaptación al cambio climático |publisher=NAP Global Network |date=January 2019 |url=https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/nap-es-2019-snapshot-colombia-progress-in-developing-a-national-monitoring-and-evaluation-system-for-climate-change-adaptation.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{cruz2019avances, author = {Cruz, Laura Camila}, title = {{Avances de Colombia en el desarrollo de un Sistema Nacional de Monitoreo y Evaluación para la adaptación al cambio climático}}, institution = {NAP Global Network}, year = {2019}, month = jan, url = {https://napglobalnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/nap-es-2019-snapshot-colombia-progress-in-developing-a-national-monitoring-and-evaluation-system-for-climate-change-adaptation.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }