Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level

This research paper by Sabelo Gumedze of the Institute for Security Studies examines the use of private military and security companies (PMSCs), focusing on the United Nations Draft International Convention of 13 July 2009 and the Montreux Document of 17 September 2008.

• The paper analyzes the United Nations Draft International Convention on the Regulation, Oversight and Monitoring of Military and Security Companies of 13 July 2009, specifically its purpose, scope of application, and proposed international oversight and monitoring mechanisms to address challenges posed by PMSCs.
• The document examines the role of PMSCs in African conflicts, including their use in combat zones and within the context of the envisaged Africa Command (Africom), while highlighting risks related to the unregulated recruitment of Africans and the lack of regulations for exporting military and security expertise.
• The paper reviews the Swiss Initiative, which led to the 17 September 2008 adoption of the Montreux Document on Pertinent International Legal Obligations and Good Practices for States related to the Operations of Private Military and Security Companies during Armed Conflict and the creation of the International PMSC Code of Conduct.

APA

Gumedze, S. (n.d.). Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level. Institute for Security Studies. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level

Chicago

Gumedze, Sabelo. Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level. Institute for Security Studies, n.d. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Gumedze |first1=Sabelo |title=Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level |publisher=Institute for Security Studies |url=https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{gumedzendaddressing, author = {Gumedze, Sabelo}, title = {{Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level}}, institution = {Institute for Security Studies}, url = {https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }