Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level

The paper analyzes the regulatory landscape for private military and security companies (PMSCs), focusing on the UN Draft International Convention and the Montreux Document. It specifically examines the risks associated with unregulated recruitment of Africans and the deployment of PMSCs in combat zones and within the context of the envisaged Africa Command (Africom).

• The paper identifies significant regulatory gaps regarding the recruitment of African personnel by PMSCs and the lack of controls over the exportation of military and security expertise.
• The document evaluates international efforts to regulate PMSCs, specifically the UN Draft International Convention on the Regulation, Oversight and Monitoring of Military and Security Companies (13 July 2009), the Montreux Document (17 September 2008), and the International PMSC Code of Conduct.
• The analysis explores the operational use of PMSCs in combat zones and specifically considers the implications of their use in relation to the envisaged Africa Command (Africom).

APA

Gumedze, S. (n.d.). Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level. Institute for Security Studies. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level

Chicago

Gumedze, Sabelo. Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level. Institute for Security Studies, n.d. https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Gumedze |first1=Sabelo |title=Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level |publisher=Institute for Security Studies |url=https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{gumedzendaddressing, author = {Gumedze, Sabelo}, title = {{Addressing the use of private security and military companies at the international level}}, institution = {Institute for Security Studies}, url = {https://issafrica.org/research/papers/addressing-the-use-of-private-security-and-military-companies-at-the-international-level}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }