Negociaciones de la OMC sobre las subvenciones a la pesca: ¿En qué situación se encuentran?

The document provides a comprehensive overview of the WTO's efforts to discipline fisheries subsidies. It details three main pillars: prohibiting subsidies for IUU fishing, addressing subsidies for overexploited fish stocks, and tackling overcapacity and overfishing. The brief outlines the current areas of convergence, such as the use of FAO definitions for IUU fishing, and the remaining points of contention, including the specific triggers for subsidy prohibitions, the level of deference given to national or regional determinations, and the appropriate special and differential treatment for developing countries and Least Developed Countries (LDCs).

• The WTO negotiations aim to address the global issue of overfishing, where FAO data indicates that nearly 60% of assessed fish stocks are fully exploited and 34% are exploited at unsustainable levels.
• Global fisheries subsidies were estimated at USD 35.4 billion in 2018, with USD 22.2 billion provided in a manner that increases capacity.
• The proposed consolidated text limits the scope of the disciplines to wild marine capture fisheries and related activities 'at sea', thereby excluding aquaculture and inland fisheries.
• There is general agreement on a total prohibition of subsidies for IUU fishing, with the definition of IUU fishing based on the FAO's 2001 International Plan of Action (IPOA-IUU).
• Regarding IUU fishing, the consolidated text proposes that prohibitions be triggered by determinations made by coastal States, flag States, or Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs).
• For overexploited stocks, the proposed approach prohibits subsidies unless the stock is recovering or the Member can demonstrate that current measures guarantee the stock's recovery to a biologically sustainable level.
• Disciplines on overcapacity and overfishing focus on prohibiting subsidies that reduce capital costs (e.g., vessel construction) and operating costs (e.g., fuel) when a stock is fished at an unsustainable rate.
• The consolidated text proposes specific exemptions for LDCs from commitments regarding overcapacity and overfishing subsidies.
• Developing countries may be exempt from overcapacity disciplines if they meet certain criteria, such as having a GNI per capita below USD 5,000 (2010 constant dollars) or representing less than 2% of global marine catches.
• The document identifies a debate over the legal form of the instrument, weighing whether it should be a standalone agreement under the Marrakech Agreement or an Annex to the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement).

APA

Tipping, A., & Irschlinger, T. (2020). Negociaciones de la OMC sobre las subvenciones a la pesca: ¿En qué situación se encuentran? International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/wto-negotiations-fisheries-state-play-es.pdf

Chicago

Tipping, Alice, and Tristan Irschlinger. Negociaciones de la OMC sobre las subvenciones a la pesca: ¿En qué situación se encuentran? International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2020. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/wto-negotiations-fisheries-state-play-es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Tipping |first1=Alice |last2=Irschlinger |first2=Tristan |title=Negociaciones de la OMC sobre las subvenciones a la pesca: ¿En qué situación se encuentran? |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=August 2020 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/wto-negotiations-fisheries-state-play-es.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{tipping2020negociaciones, author = {Tipping, Alice and Irschlinger, Tristan}, title = {{Negociaciones de la OMC sobre las subvenciones a la pesca: ¿En qué situación se encuentran?}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2020}, month = aug, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/wto-negotiations-fisheries-state-play-es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }