Mercados Verdes: Una oportunidad que requiere ser atendida

The report analyzes the potential for Chile to expand exports of sustainable products to the European Union, using organic wine and sustainable forest management (SFM) as case studies. It identifies significant barriers for organic agriculture, including a lack of a recognized national certification system, high conversion costs, and substantial EU subsidies for local producers. In contrast, the forestry sector shows more progress through international certifications like FSC and ISO 14.001, though it faces challenges regarding the credibility of national standards and the complexity of value chain management. The document argues that while the EU market is growing, Chilean producers are hindered by a lack of coordinated state strategy, insufficient market information, and a reliance on discretionary import authorizations rather than formal equivalence agreements.

• The global market for organic agricultural products was estimated at approximately US$ 20 billion in 2000, with growth rates between 5% and 40% depending on the country.
• In the organic wine sector, Chile lacks a national certification system recognized by the EU, forcing exporters to rely on case-by-case import authorizations known as 'importer's derogation'.
• Converting traditional vineyards to organic management involves a productivity drop of up to 30% and an increase in direct production costs of approximately 20%, rising from US$ 850 to US$ 1,100 per hectare per year.
• Certification costs for organic wine producers typically range between US$ 1,500 and US$ 2,500 annually, which can represent a 25% increase in production costs for vineyards smaller than 10 hectares.
• The European Union provides significant financial support for organic farming; for the 2000-2006 period, an estimated EUR 26 billion was allocated to agri-environmental measures, including organic crops.
• In the forestry sector, 8% of European forest product consumption was certified for sustainability in 2000, a rapid increase from only 0.2% in 1998.
• Chilean forestry certification is dominated by international standards; as of the report date, eight companies hold ISO 14.001 certification (covering 58% of plantations) and five hold FSC certification (covering 7% of productive forests).
• The CertforChile initiative aims to establish a national standard for plantations and native forests, seeking mutual recognition with international systems like PEFC to ensure market access.
• The FSC standard explicitly prohibits the establishment of plantations in areas converted from natural forests after November 1994.
• The report identifies a lack of a coordinated national strategy for organic agriculture in Chile, characterized by weak producer associations and the absence of a solid domestic market.

APA

Borregaard, N., G., G. G., Dufey, A., & de Guevara, J. L. (2002). Mercados Verdes: Una oportunidad que requiere ser atendida. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/tkn_green_markets_es.pdf

Chicago

Borregaard, Nicola, Guillermo Geisse G., Annie Dufey, and Juan Ladrón de Guevara. Mercados Verdes: Una oportunidad que requiere ser atendida. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2002. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/tkn_green_markets_es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Borregaard |first1=Nicola |last2=G. |first2=Guillermo Geisse |last3=Dufey |first3=Annie |last4=de Guevara |first4=Juan Ladrón |title=Mercados Verdes: Una oportunidad que requiere ser atendida |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=December 2002 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/tkn_green_markets_es.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{borregaard2002mercados, author = {Borregaard, Nicola and G., Guillermo Geisse and Dufey, Annie and de Guevara, Juan Ladrón}, title = {{Mercados Verdes: Una oportunidad que requiere ser atendida}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2002}, month = dec, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/tkn_green_markets_es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }