IGF Mining Policy Framework Assessment: Mongolia

The assessment finds that Mongolia has a medium level of implementation of the IGF Mining Policy Framework. Key strengths include a high level of transparency in tax and royalty flows through the EITI and a legal framework for artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). However, significant gaps exist in the management of high-risk mine wastes, the lack of a comprehensive system for mine closure and financial assurance, and limited government capacity to audit complex tax returns and address transfer pricing. The report recommends prioritizing capacity building in mine closure, financial benefit optimization, and socioeconomic benefit optimization to ensure the mining sector contributes to long-term sustainable development.

• Mongolia's overall implementation of the IGF Mining Policy Framework is rated as medium, with specific themes ranging from low to high implementation.
• The country demonstrates strong transparency in the minerals sector, having implemented the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) for 10 years, though transparency in state-owned mining and local fund management remains a concern.
• There is a critical lack of a clear system for planning and regulating mine closure and rehabilitation, including insufficient financial assurance to cover the costs of restoration.

APA

Bruckner, K. D., & Danielson, L. (2017). IGF Mining Policy Framework Assessment: Mongolia. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/mongolia-mining-policy-framework-assessment-en.pdf

Chicago

Bruckner, Kristi Disney, and Luke Danielson. IGF Mining Policy Framework Assessment: Mongolia. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2017. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/mongolia-mining-policy-framework-assessment-en.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Bruckner |first1=Kristi Disney |last2=Danielson |first2=Luke |title=IGF Mining Policy Framework Assessment: Mongolia |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=June 2017 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/mongolia-mining-policy-framework-assessment-en.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{bruckner2017igf, author = {Bruckner, Kristi Disney and Danielson, Luke}, title = {{IGF Mining Policy Framework Assessment: Mongolia}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2017}, month = jun, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/mongolia-mining-policy-framework-assessment-en.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }