Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2023

The document outlines the methodology used by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to map public financial flows in India's energy sector. It defines government support as encompassing subsidies, state-owned enterprise investments, and lending by public financial institutions. The annex introduces new subsidies for green hydrogen, battery storage, and electric vehicles, while retrospectively revising methodologies for coal and renewable energy support. It also details the tracking of government receipts from coal, oil, gas, and renewables to provide a comprehensive view of the financial relationship between the state and the energy sector.

• The IISD framework for estimating public financial support in India's energy sector is broad, encompassing subsidies (grants, tax exemptions, income or price support), capital expenditure by central public sector undertakings (CPSUs), and lending by public financial institutions.
• New government subsidies introduced or tracked in the 2023 update include the National Green Hydrogen Mission, Viability Gap Funding for Battery Energy Storage System and Pumped Storage Plants, and Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes for Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC) battery storage and automobiles.
• The government provides significant financial support to the oil sector through interest payments on special bonds issued to oil marketing companies to compensate for under-recoveries on petrol, diesel, and LPG.
• Support for the coal sector includes concessional custom duty rates on imports and concessional GST rates on coal sales to keep domestic prices low for the end-use sector.
• The 2023 update expanded its tracking to include a separate category for biomass and biofuels, with data tracked since 2016, and now monitors project-level capital expenditure for state-owned enterprises on projects exceeding INR 150 crore.
• The document tracks government receipts from the energy sector across multiple streams, including Basic Customs Duty, Central GST, royalties, and dividends from entities like Coal India Limited (CIL) and SCCL.

APA

Raizada, S., Sharma, D., Laan, T., & Jain, S. (2024). Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2023. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/mapping-india-energy-policy-2023-update-annex.pdf

Chicago

Raizada, Swasti, Deepak Sharma, Tara Laan, and Saumya Jain. Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2023. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2024. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/mapping-india-energy-policy-2023-update-annex.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Raizada |first1=Swasti |last2=Sharma |first2=Deepak |last3=Laan |first3=Tara |last4=Jain |first4=Saumya |title=Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2023 |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=March 2024 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/mapping-india-energy-policy-2023-update-annex.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{raizada2024mapping, author = {Raizada, Swasti and Sharma, Deepak and Laan, Tara and Jain, Saumya}, title = {{Mapping India’s Energy Policy 2023}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2024}, month = mar, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/mapping-india-energy-policy-2023-update-annex.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }