Etat des négociations de la CCNUCC

The document provides an overview of the Bonn climate talks, detailing progress and disputes across mitigation, adaptation, technology, and finance. It highlights the tension between 'top-down' and 'bottom-up' approaches to emission reductions and the critical role of the United States' renewed engagement ahead of the 2009 Copenhagen summit.

• The Bonn meetings served as the first round of negotiations for a post-2012 climate pact, aiming to develop negotiating texts for the COP-15 in Copenhagen. While no tangible results were achieved, the UNFCCC Executive Secretary stated that the talks succeeded in reducing divergences between Parties.
• Mitigation discussions in the AWG-LCA focused on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) for developing countries and the requirement for these actions to be measurable, notifiable, and verifiable (MRV). There is ongoing controversy regarding whether MRV should apply only to the support provided by developed nations or to the actual emission reductions in developing countries.
• Within the AWG-KP, a conflict emerged between a 'top-down' approach based on scientific principles and equity, favored by developing nations, and a 'bottom-up' approach where countries submit unconditional commitments, as seen with Australia's pledge to reduce emissions by 5% below 2000 levels by 2020.
• Regarding REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), there is convergence on including conservation in a 'REDD+' mechanism, but disagreement persists on whether funding should be public or market-based. The European Commission expressed concerns that forest credits pose monitoring and accountability issues.
• Adaptation discussions highlighted the need for a global framework, with developing countries, including the G-77 and China, proposing a system that treats adaptation and mitigation equally and includes a mechanism for loss and damage, specifically insurance.
• Progress on technology transfer is stalled due to disagreements over intellectual property rights (IPR). Developing countries requested IPR waivers for climate-friendly technologies, while Japan argued that IPR protection is essential to recover innovation costs.
• Climate finance remains unresolved, with a fundamental split between developed nations favoring private sector funding and developing nations demanding a majority of public funds. Proposed mechanisms include a Green Fund (Mexico), carbon tax (Switzerland), and auctioning emission credits (Norway).
• The re-engagement of the United States under the Obama administration has shifted the tone of negotiations to be more positive, although the U.S. lacks a detailed national implementation plan, which may hinder its ability to commit to specific targets by COP-15.

APA

Murphy, D., & Drexhage, J. (2009). Etat des négociations de la CCNUCC. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/status_unfccc_bonn_fr.pdf

Chicago

Murphy, Deborah, and John Drexhage. Etat des négociations de la CCNUCC. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/status_unfccc_bonn_fr.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Murphy |first1=Deborah |last2=Drexhage |first2=John |title=Etat des négociations de la CCNUCC |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=May 2009 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/status_unfccc_bonn_fr.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{murphy2009etat, author = {Murphy, Deborah and Drexhage, John}, title = {{Etat des négociations de la CCNUCC}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2009}, month = may, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/status_unfccc_bonn_fr.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }