Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection

The report establishes a business-as-usual emissions baseline for Rwanda from 1990 to 2030, identifying agriculture as the largest non-LULUCF emitting sector. It projects a transition from a significant net carbon sink in 2000 to a net emitter by 2010, with future projections based on GDP growth, population increases, and existing policies. The analysis highlights substantial data gaps and uncertainties, particularly in the LULUCF and agriculture sectors.

• Agriculture is the primary source of non-LULUCF emissions in Rwanda, representing approximately 65 per cent of such emissions in 2010, with cultivated soils accounting for about 70 per cent of the sector's total.
• Rwanda's net emissions profile shifted from being a significant carbon sink in 2000 (-9,504 ktCO2e) to a net contributor to global emissions by 2010 (5,103 ktCO2e).
• The Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector acted as a net sink every year between 2000 and 2010, with removals estimated at -14,238 kt in 2000 and -1,866 kt in 2010.
• Baseline projections for the electricity sector assume a 10 per cent annual increase in diesel fuel demand for generation between 2010 and 2030, noting that thermal generation reached nearly 50 per cent of total production by 2011.
• Energy demand emissions are primarily driven by biomass combustion, with wood and charcoal consumption being significant; future biomass fuel growth is limited to a forecast population growth rate of 2.6 per cent due to supply constraints.
• The report identifies high levels of uncertainty in LULUCF and agriculture data, noting that the LULUCF model is basic and does not account for forest fires or specific biomass growth rates, while agricultural data for cultivated soils is insufficient to reproduce SNC inventory estimates.

APA

Stiebert, S. (2013). Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf

Chicago

Stiebert, Seton. Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2013. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Stiebert |first1=Seton |title=Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=March 2013 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{stiebert2013republic, author = {Stiebert, Seton}, title = {{Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2013}, month = mar, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }