Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection ii

This report provides a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions baseline projection for Rwanda up to 2030. It establishes a 'business-as-usual' reference scenario across seven sectors—agriculture, land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), energy supply, energy demand, transportation, industrial processes, and waste—to help the country identify potential nationally appropriate mitigation actions (NAMAs).

• The agriculture sector is the largest source of non-LULUCF greenhouse gas emissions in Rwanda, representing approximately 65 per cent of such emissions in 2010, with cultivated soils accounting for about 70 per cent of total non-LULUCF emissions.
• Rwanda transitioned from being a significant net carbon sink in 2000 to a small contributor to global emissions by 2010, largely due to trends in the LULUCF sector where net emissions rose from -14,238 kt in 2000 to -1,866 kt in 2010.
• Energy demand is the second largest emitting sector (23 per cent of non-LULUCF emissions in 2010), dominated by methane and nitrous oxide emissions from biomass combustion.
• The baseline projection for electricity generation assumes a 10 per cent annual increase in diesel fuel demand between 2010 and 2030, noting that thermal generation reached nearly 50 per cent of total production by the end of 2011.
• Future growth in petroleum product consumption for the transportation and energy demand sectors is projected at a total growth rate of 9.1 per cent per year, which incorporates a -1 per cent annual correction for autonomous energy efficiency improvement (AEEI).
• The LULUCF baseline assumes forest and woodland areas will increase linearly from 496,228 ha in 2010 to 586,827 ha in 2030, aiming for a national forest cover of 20 per cent by 2030.
• Industrial process emissions are primarily driven by cement and lime production, with a projected annual average growth rate of 6 per cent between 2010 and 2030 based on long-term GDP growth.

APA

International Institute for Sustainable Development (n.d.). Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection ii. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf

Chicago

International Institute for Sustainable Development. Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection ii. n.d. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=International Institute for Sustainable Development |title=Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection ii |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{internationalinstituteforsustainabledevelopmentndrepublic, author = {{International Institute for Sustainable Development}}, title = {{Republic of Rwanda: Greenhouse gas emissions baseline projection ii}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/rep_of_rwanda_greenhouse_gas.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }