Que pourraient signifier les tendances en matière de politiques agricoles nationales face aux efforts d’adaptation des règles de l’OMC concernant les mesures de soutien interne?

The report argues that current WTO rules on agricultural internal support are outdated and inequitable, failing to constrain the high subsidies of wealthy nations or accommodate the growing needs of emerging economies. By examining a diverse sample of countries, the authors demonstrate that a small number of members—China, India, the US, and the EU—concentrate the vast majority of trade-distorting support. The document proposes simplifying these rules by basing support limits on a percentage of the value of agricultural production (VDP) rather than fixed monetary amounts, while advocating for stricter transparency and special treatment for developing nations to align trade rules with Sustainable Development Goals.

• A small group of WTO members—China, India, the United States, and the European Union—concentrate nearly three-quarters of all agricultural aid considered by the WTO to have trade-distorting effects.
• Current WTO rules are insufficient because they allow significant leeway for historically high subsidizers like the US and EU, and do not adequately address the rapidly growing support mechanisms used by emerging economies such as China and India.
• The report proposes replacing fixed monetary limits with new global caps on internal support based on a percentage of the value of agricultural production (VDP) to better reflect market realities and correct historical inequalities.
• Trade-distorting support is heavily concentrated on a few specific commodities, most notably maize, rice, wheat, and dairy products, which harms producers in other countries, particularly those in low-income nations.
• The 'Green Box' (Annex 2 of the Agreement) remains a critical tool for achieving Sustainable Development Goals as it allows unrestricted spending on programs with minimal trade effects, such as research, pest control, and rural infrastructure.
• Notification compliance varies significantly; while some major traders like Brazil, India, and Russia show 100% compliance, one-third of internal support notifications remained unreceived between 1995 and 2017.
• China's agricultural production value is projected to grow significantly, potentially making it the world's top producer by 2030, accounting for nearly 24% of total global production.
• India provides the highest amount of input and investment subsidies under Article 6.2 of any WTO member, totaling 22.6 billion USD.

APA

Glauber, J. W., Hepburn, J., Laborde, D., & Murphy, S. (2020). Que pourraient signifier les tendances en matière de politiques agricoles nationales face aux efforts d’adaptation des règles de l’OMC concernant les mesures de soutien interne? International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/farm-policy-trends-fr_0.pdf

Chicago

Glauber, Joseph W., Jonathan Hepburn, David Laborde, and Sophia Murphy. Que pourraient signifier les tendances en matière de politiques agricoles nationales face aux efforts d’adaptation des règles de l’OMC concernant les mesures de soutien interne? International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2020. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/farm-policy-trends-fr_0.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Glauber |first1=Joseph W. |last2=Hepburn |first2=Jonathan |last3=Laborde |first3=David |last4=Murphy |first4=Sophia |title=Que pourraient signifier les tendances en matière de politiques agricoles nationales face aux efforts d’adaptation des règles de l’OMC concernant les mesures de soutien interne? |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=April 2020 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/farm-policy-trends-fr_0.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{glauber2020que, author = {Glauber, Joseph W. and Hepburn, Jonathan and Laborde, David and Murphy, Sophia}, title = {{Que pourraient signifier les tendances en matière de politiques agricoles nationales face aux efforts d’adaptation des règles de l’OMC concernant les mesures de soutien interne?}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2020}, month = apr, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2020-08/farm-policy-trends-fr_0.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }