Les subventions agricoles : le cas de l’Ouganda

The paper examines Uganda's agricultural subsidy landscape, highlighting a gap between government priorities and actual budget allocations. While initiatives like NAADS and insurance subsidies have increased production—notably in coffee—the authors argue that subsidies often benefit large-scale farmers over smallholders, suffer from poor implementation, and encourage environmentally harmful practices like monoculture and chemical use. They recommend a bottom-up redesign of subsidies that supports entire value chains and simplifies access for small farmers.

• Uganda's public spending on agriculture is insufficient and falls below the 10% public expenditure commitment to agriculture established by the Malabo Declaration.
• Agricultural subsidies in Uganda are divided into two main categories: input subsidies and support for general services across the agricultural sector.
• The National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS), established in 2001, and the 2013 'wealth creation' operation aim to improve farmer access to inputs; for example, NAADS distributed 623,870 Hass avocado seedlings across 80 districts.
• The government subsidizes agricultural insurance premiums by 50% for smallholders and 30% for large-scale farmers, spending approximately 1.35 million USD annually. While the number of insured farmers grew from 45,704 to 687,608 by March 2023, the benefits primarily reach medium and large-scale farmers.
• Government support for seedlings, fertilizers, and direct financing has contributed to a significant increase in coffee production; in August 2024, Uganda exported 837,915 bags of 60 kg of coffee valued at 221.63 million USD.
• Subsidies are often ineffective due to a top-down design, poor timing of delivery, and a lack of extension services; the extension agent to population ratio is between 1:2,000 and 1:3,000, far below the recommended 1:500.
• Agricultural subsidies negatively impact the environment by promoting monoculture, the intensive use of agrochemicals, and the use of hybrid seeds, which increase greenhouse gas emissions and compromise seed sustainability.
• Tax exemptions for agricultural processing and machinery tend to favor large investors due to high eligibility thresholds.

APA

Nalunga, J., & Lubega, J. (2024). Les subventions agricoles : le cas de l’Ouganda. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/agricultural-subsidies-uganda

Chicago

Nalunga, Jane, and Jonathan Lubega. Les subventions agricoles : le cas de l’Ouganda. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2024. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/agricultural-subsidies-uganda.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Nalunga |first1=Jane |last2=Lubega |first2=Jonathan |title=Les subventions agricoles : le cas de l’Ouganda |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=December 2024 |url=https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/agricultural-subsidies-uganda |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{nalunga2024les, author = {Nalunga, Jane and Lubega, Jonathan}, title = {{Les subventions agricoles : le cas de l’Ouganda}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2024}, month = dec, url = {https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/policy-analysis/agricultural-subsidies-uganda}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }