Égalité de genre : Formule pour accélérer la mise en œuvre du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030

This report argues that gender equality is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It examines the historical role of women in UN environmental policies, the economic costs of gender inequality, and the specific benefits of women's leadership in climate action, agriculture, and natural resource management.

• Gender inequality imposes significant global economic costs. The gender pay gap is estimated to cost the global economy 160,000 USD, while the delayed participation of women in employment and entrepreneurship costs approximately 15% of global GDP. Additionally, violence against women may cost around 2% of global GDP, which is roughly 1.5 trillion USD.
• The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected women, leading to a phenomenon termed "Shecession." While women make up 39% of the global workforce, they accounted for 54% of pandemic-related job losses in May 2020. Furthermore, women were underrepresented in COVID-19 decision-making bodies, with only 3.5% of 115 identified expert groups achieving gender parity.
• Women's leadership and participation lead to better environmental and economic outcomes. In the US renewable energy sector, companies with at least two women on their board of directors show increased renewable energy consumption. Additionally, countries with higher female parliamentary representation tend to implement stricter climate change policies and establish more protected areas.
• Gender inequality in agriculture and land rights hinders food security and productivity. Only 59 out of 160 countries grant equal land ownership and control rights to women and men. If women had equal access to productive resources, farm yields could increase by 20 to 30%, and total agricultural production in developing countries could rise by 2.5 to 4%, reducing hunger by 12 to 17%.
• The integration of gender perspectives into climate policy is progressing but remains insufficient. The UNFCCC's Gender Action Plan (2019) promotes systematic integration of gender issues, yet it is criticized for lacking precise indicators and targets. The Green Climate Fund (GCF) addresses this by requiring gender experts in study teams and the collection of sex-disaggregated data for projects.
• Women face distinct vulnerabilities during environmental crises, including limited access to healthcare and increased exposure to sexual and gender-based violence, exploitation, and trafficking when displaced. These vulnerabilities are often exacerbated by sociocultural norms and limited access to formal safety nets.

APA

de Paula,, N. (n.d.). Égalité de genre : Formule pour accélérer la mise en œuvre du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/egalite-de-genre-formule-pour-accelerer-la-mise-en-oeuvre-du-programme-de-developpement

Chicago

de Paula,, Nicole. Égalité de genre : Formule pour accélérer la mise en œuvre du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030. International Institute for Sustainable Development, n.d. https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/egalite-de-genre-formule-pour-accelerer-la-mise-en-oeuvre-du-programme-de-developpement.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=de Paula, |first1=Nicole |title=Égalité de genre : Formule pour accélérer la mise en œuvre du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030 |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |url=https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/egalite-de-genre-formule-pour-accelerer-la-mise-en-oeuvre-du-programme-de-developpement |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{depaulandgalit, author = {de Paula,, Nicole}, title = {{Égalité de genre : Formule pour accélérer la mise en œuvre du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, url = {https://www.iisd.org/fr/articles/egalite-de-genre-formule-pour-accelerer-la-mise-en-oeuvre-du-programme-de-developpement}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }