Relatório de prestação de contas

The document examines how progressive taxation can address extreme poverty and economic inequality, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Africa. It evaluates several tax instruments, including Financial Transaction Taxes (FTTs), net wealth taxes, property taxes, and Resource Rent Taxes (RTT), detailing their potential to generate revenue for social protection and climate justice. Using South Africa as a case study, the brief provides specific revenue estimates for various progressive measures, such as a net wealth tax that could raise between R70 and R160 billion.

• Economic inequality is a significant barrier to addressing poverty and climate resilience, with wealth increasingly concentrated among the top 1% globally; since the mid-1990s, this group has accumulated 38% of all wealth while the poorest 50% accumulated only 2%.
• African tax structures are heavily reliant on regressive consumption taxes compared to other regions; in 2021, VAT accounted for an average of 27.8% of total tax revenue in Africa, compared to 25.6% in the Asia-Pacific and 20.2% in the OECD.
• A Financial Transaction Tax (FTT) could significantly increase resource mobilisation and curb market failures; estimates suggest an FTT levied at 0.05% could generate $900 billion annually, while more conservative estimates for stocks, bonds, and derivatives range from $237 billion to $418 billion per year.
• Net wealth taxes have historically generated meaningful revenue in Europe and Latin America; for example, from 1965 to 2021, annual revenues as a share of GDP averaged 4.7% in Switzerland and 1.36% in Norway, while in Latin America, they averaged 3.5% in Uruguay and 2% in Colombia.
• Property taxation is an underutilized revenue source in developing countries, which collect only 0.5% of GDP from property taxes compared to 2% in developed countries, often due to poor administration and lack of political will.
• In South Africa, the implementation of a net wealth tax at progressive rates of 3-7% could raise between R70 and R160 billion, representing 1.5% to 3.5% of GDP.
• Other proposed progressive tax measures for South Africa include a broadened Financial Transaction Tax (levied at 0.1%) which could raise over R40 billion, and a Resource Rent Tax (levied at 25%) with a potential of R38 billion.

APA

Institute for Economic Justice (n.d.). Relatório de prestação de contas. https://iej.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/T20-TF01-Wealth-Tax.pdf

Chicago

Institute for Economic Justice. Relatório de prestação de contas. n.d. https://iej.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/T20-TF01-Wealth-Tax.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Institute for Economic Justice |title=Relatório de prestação de contas |url=https://iej.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/T20-TF01-Wealth-Tax.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{instituteforeconomicjusticendrelatrio, author = {{Institute for Economic Justice}}, title = {{Relatório de prestação de contas}}, institution = {Institute for Economic Justice}, url = {https://iej.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/T20-TF01-Wealth-Tax.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }