Бум и Крах Угля

This report, published in April 2024 by Global Energy Monitor and several partner organizations, tracks the global development of coal-fired power plants. It highlights a divergence in trends: while new construction is reaching record lows outside of China, China is seeing an eight-year high in new construction. The report specifically examines the risks of expanding coal capacity in Central Asia, where proposed projects contradict climate goals and add to an aging, worn-out energy infrastructure.

• Global coal capacity reached a record high in 2023, increasing by 48.4 GW (2%) to a total of 2,130 GW. China was responsible for two-thirds of this growth, while regions outside China saw a small increase of 4.7 GW, the first such rise since 2019.
• There is a stark contrast in new construction trends: outside China, the start of new construction has declined for two consecutive years to a record low since 2015. Conversely, China's new construction has grown for four years and reached an eight-year peak, despite official promises to strictly control coal projects.
• Global pre-construction coal capacity increased by 6% over the previous year. China is considering 268 GW of capacity (up from 249 GW in 2022), while 113 GW is under consideration outside China, driven largely by a surge in proposals from India.
• Progress on phasing out coal is insufficient to meet the 1.5°C Paris Agreement goal. Only 15% (317 GW) of current global operating coal capacity has a commitment to cease operations. To phase out coal by 2040, an average of 126 GW must be retired annually for the next 17 years.
• Central Asia is trending against the global energy transition, with proposed coal capacity equaling 45% of the region's current operating capacity. This is more than double the proposed capacity from ten years ago. None of the four main countries in the region have a planned coal phase-out date.
• The coal fleet in Central Asia is severely aged, with 61% (10.2 GW of 16.8 GW) operating for over 40 years. A 2023 technical audit of Kazakhstan's thermal power plants showed an average wear level of 66%, with some plants reaching 80% wear.
• Kazakhstan proposed 4.6 GW of new coal capacity in 2023, making it the third largest globally for new proposals after China and India. Major projects include the expansion of Ekibastuz GRES-2 and the new Ekibastuz GRES-3, with some projects involving Russian companies and financing.
• Other Central Asian nations are also pursuing coal: Kyrgyzstan signed an agreement for the 0.7 GW Jalal-Abad TPP and proposed the 0.6 GW Karakechen TPP; Tajikistan announced the Fon-Yagnob TPP; and Uzbekistan proposed two new units at the Angren TPP.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2024). Бум и Крах Угля. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2024-Russian_11.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. Бум и Крах Угля. 2024. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2024-Russian_11.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=Бум и Крах Угля |date=April 2024 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2024-Russian_11.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor2024, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{Бум и Крах Угля}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2024}, month = apr, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2024-Russian_11.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }