کوئلے کا عروج و شکست

This report by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes the global coal power pipeline as of April 2023, highlighting a stark divergence between China's increasing coal capacity and a general decline in coal projects elsewhere. While many OECD countries are phasing out coal, China's domestic expansion and continued involvement in some international projects contrast with global climate goals. The document specifically details Pakistan's rapid increase in coal capacity and the associated economic and environmental impacts.

• There is a significant global disparity in coal phase-out progress: while 70% (330GW) of coal energy in OECD countries is moving toward phase-out, only 6% (93GW) of capacity outside the OECD is scheduled for retirement before 2040.
• China is the primary driver of global coal capacity growth. In 2022, China's under-construction coal capacity increased by 38% (from 266GW to 366GW), and it now accounts for 68% of the world's under-construction coal capacity, up from 55% the previous year.
• Outside of China and Central Asia, new proposed coal projects decreased in 2022. Specifically, there has been an 84% reduction in new proposed coal projects globally (excluding China) since 2015, with a 90% drop in the EU and OECD countries.
• Pakistan has seen a massive expansion in coal power, growing from 150MW in 2016 to 7.6GW in 2023, with another 0.7GW under construction. The government intends to increase local coal-based capacity from 2.3GW to 10GW, which contradicts the Indicative Generation Capacity Expansion Plan 2022-31.
• Coal projects in Pakistan, particularly those under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), have faced delays due to corruption and opposition, leading to social and political disputes and increased national debt. Additionally, coal mining in Tharparkar has contaminated water resources and damaged land, causing severe economic hardship for local agricultural and livestock populations.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2023). کوئلے کا عروج و شکست. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. کوئلے کا عروج و شکست. 2023. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=کوئلے کا عروج و شکست |date=April 2023 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor2023, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{کوئلے کا عروج و شکست}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2023}, month = apr, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }