کوئلے کا عروج و شکست

The report highlights a global divergence in coal energy trends: while OECD countries and much of the world outside China are reducing coal capacity and increasing retirements, China is significantly expanding its domestic coal pipeline. The document notes that one-third of global coal capacity has a set phase-out date, yet the overall pace remains insufficient to meet Paris Agreement targets. Specific focus is given to Pakistan, where a shift toward local coal is increasing despite environmental concerns and international pledges.

• Global coal capacity trends show a stark contrast between China and the rest of the world; China's under-construction coal capacity increased by 38% (from 266GW to 366GW) in 2022, while the rest of the world saw a 20% decrease (from 214GW to 172GW).
• Phase-out progress is unevenly distributed: 70% (330GW) of coal energy in OECD countries is moving toward phase-out, compared to only 6% (93GW) of coal capacity outside the OECD being explicitly retired before 2040.
• The proposed 300MW Gwadar plant, funded by Chinese investment, is identified as a violation of China's 2021 pledge to end overseas coal projects and Pakistan's moratorium on new imported coal projects.

APA

Global Energy Monitor (2023). کوئلے کا عروج و شکست. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf

Chicago

Global Energy Monitor. کوئلے کا عروج و شکست. 2023. https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Global Energy Monitor |title=کوئلے کا عروج و شکست |date=April 2023 |url=https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{globalenergymonitor2023, author = {{Global Energy Monitor}}, title = {{کوئلے کا عروج و شکست}}, institution = {Global Energy Monitor}, year = {2023}, month = apr, url = {https://globalenergymonitor.org/sites/default/files/migration/reports/Boom-Bust-Coal-2023-Urdu_11.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }