FICHA INFORMATIVA AMIGOS DA TERRA INDCs vs. Parcelas Justas

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International explains the concept of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in the lead-up to the Paris agreement and advocates for a 'fair shares' approach based on a global carbon budget to effectively limit global warming to 1.5°C.

• Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) are national plans proposed by governments to address climate change, serving as initial offers of the effort each country is willing to commit to. These documents were intended to form the basis for the Paris agreement and a future multilateral system for climate change based on norms.
• The document criticizes developed countries for failing to meet the March 31, 2015, deadline for announcing INDCs and for submitting commitments that do not reflect their historical responsibility. It warns that if current insignificant commitments continue, the world is on a path to becoming 4-6°C warmer on average, compared to the 0.8°C increase already observed since the pre-industrial era.
• Many rich and industrialized nations favor a Paris agreement focused solely on mitigation (emission reductions), ignoring other essential elements such as adaptation, finance, loss and damage, technology transfer, capacity building, and transparency. This approach contradicts United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) guidelines, which suggest including an adaptation component in INDCs.
• The ability of developing countries to present comprehensive INDCs by the end of 2015 depends on the scale of financial, technological, and capacity-building support provided by rich countries. Greater support from developed nations would increase the capacity of developing countries to include mitigation, adaptation, loss and damage, and capacity-building measures.
• Friends of the Earth International advocates for a 'fair shares' approach as an alternative to individual national proposals, arguing that the latter cannot guarantee the global effort needed to limit warming to 1.5°C. This approach requires establishing a global carbon budget—the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions allowed to maintain a reasonable probability of staying below 1.5°C—and dividing it based on each country's responsibility, capacity, and right to a sustainable society.

APA

Friends of the Earth International (n.d.). FICHA INFORMATIVA AMIGOS DA TERRA INDCs vs. Parcelas Justas. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PT-CJE-INDC-factsheet-FOEI.pdf

Chicago

Friends of the Earth International. FICHA INFORMATIVA AMIGOS DA TERRA INDCs vs. Parcelas Justas. n.d. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PT-CJE-INDC-factsheet-FOEI.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Friends of the Earth International |title=FICHA INFORMATIVA AMIGOS DA TERRA INDCs vs. Parcelas Justas |url=https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PT-CJE-INDC-factsheet-FOEI.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{friendsoftheearthinternationalndficha, author = {{Friends of the Earth International}}, title = {{FICHA INFORMATIVA AMIGOS DA TERRA INDCs vs. Parcelas Justas}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PT-CJE-INDC-factsheet-FOEI.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }