CRISIS CLIMÁTICA Y DE LA PÉRDIDA DE BIODIVERSIDAD

This report by Friends of the Earth International analyzes the characteristics of 'false solutions' to the climate and biodiversity crises, arguing that these mechanisms prioritize financial gain and corporate interests over genuine ecological restoration and human rights.

• False solutions are characterized by the promotion of 'compensation,' which allows for the destruction of one ecosystem as long as a similar area is conserved elsewhere through the purchase of financial assets like carbon credits.
• The report argues that assigning an economic value to nature is impossible because it cannot reflect the spiritual, social, and biological complexity of ecosystems, such as the role of ancient trees as community symbols or seed banks.
• False solutions lead to the erosion of environmental legislation by replacing mandatory regulations with voluntary measures and financial incentives, effectively allowing companies to bypass legal limits on pollution.
• The 'financialization of nature' involves a four-phase process of cosification: treating nature as a tradable commodity, redefining functions as 'services,' dividing genetic material from organic matter for privatization, and separating natural functions from the physical asset to enable market trading.
• These mechanisms often result in 'greenwashing,' where corporations use partnerships with large conservation NGOs and the purchase of pollution permits to create an image of environmental responsibility without changing their destructive operations.
• False solutions frequently violate the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, leading to land grabbing and the loss of territorial control. The report cites REDD as an example where communities are expelled from forests they previously used for social, cultural, or spiritual activities.
• The report contrasts false solutions with 'real solutions,' which it defines as emancipatory initiatives built by collective popular subjects based on sustainability of life, environmental and gender justice, and a challenge to capitalist accumulation logic.

APA

Rojas, I. (2020). CRISIS CLIMÁTICA Y DE LA PÉRDIDA DE BIODIVERSIDAD. Friends of the Earth International. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Crisis-climatica-y-de-la-perdida-de-biodiversidad_Caracteristicas-de-las-falsas-soluciones_Amigos-de-la-tierra-internacional.pdf

Chicago

Rojas, Isaac. CRISIS CLIMÁTICA Y DE LA PÉRDIDA DE BIODIVERSIDAD. Friends of the Earth International, 2020. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Crisis-climatica-y-de-la-perdida-de-biodiversidad_Caracteristicas-de-las-falsas-soluciones_Amigos-de-la-tierra-internacional.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Rojas |first1=Isaac |title=CRISIS CLIMÁTICA Y DE LA PÉRDIDA DE BIODIVERSIDAD |publisher=Friends of the Earth International |date=December 2020 |url=https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Crisis-climatica-y-de-la-perdida-de-biodiversidad_Caracteristicas-de-las-falsas-soluciones_Amigos-de-la-tierra-internacional.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{rojas2020crisis, author = {Rojas, Isaac}, title = {{CRISIS CLIMÁTICA Y DE LA PÉRDIDA DE BIODIVERSIDAD}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, year = {2020}, month = dec, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Crisis-climatica-y-de-la-perdida-de-biodiversidad_Caracteristicas-de-las-falsas-soluciones_Amigos-de-la-tierra-internacional.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }