Ekspansi energi bersih Indonesia dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan kesetaraan

The report examines Indonesia's energy transition, highlighting the risk of stranded assets due to coal overcapacity and the potential for renewable energy to revitalize coal-dependent provinces. It compares the RUPTL 2021-2030 and JETP frameworks, suggesting that replacing planned coal capacity with solar power in regions like East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, and South Sumatra could create 96,000 high-skilled jobs and attract $9.4 billion in investment.

• Indonesia's reliance on fossil fuels for electricity has increased significantly over the last decade, with fossil fuels accounting for 81% of electricity in 2023. Between 2013 and 2023, electricity sector emissions rose by 86 million tonnes of CO2 (MtCO2), primarily driven by coal.
• There is a significant risk of stranded assets in the coal sector. If the capacity factor of coal plants increases from 49% in 2023 to 64% by 2030, electricity production would exceed demand by 42 TWh by 2030, based on RUPTL projections.
• The Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) targets a renewable energy share of 44% by 2030 and 66% by 2035. To meet these goals, Indonesia would need to add 8.9 GW of solar and 2.9 GW of wind capacity annually beyond the RUPTL targets.
• Coal-producing provinces—East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, and South Sumatra—face high economic risks from the energy transition, including job losses and reduced regional GDP. For example, East Kalimantan's economy could decline by 65% if the mining and oil/gas sectors are completely exhausted.
• Coal mining in Indonesia generates significant methane emissions (CMM) that are often omitted from subnational greenhouse gas inventories. In 2022, CMM emissions from the three main coal provinces were estimated at 516 kilotonnes of CH4, equivalent to 15.4 million tonnes of CO2e.
• Transitioning to renewable energy in coal-producing regions can mitigate economic shocks. Replacing 2,328 MW of planned coal capacity with 5.8 GW of solar power in these provinces could attract over $9.4 billion in investment and create 96,000 high-skilled jobs.

APA

Setyawati, D., & Setiawan, D. (2024). Ekspansi energi bersih Indonesia dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan kesetaraan. Ember. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/08/ID-Laporan-Ekspansi-energi-bersih-Indonesia-dapat-mendorong-pertumbuhan.pdf

Chicago

Setyawati, Dinita, and Dody Setiawan. Ekspansi energi bersih Indonesia dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan kesetaraan. Ember, 2024. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/08/ID-Laporan-Ekspansi-energi-bersih-Indonesia-dapat-mendorong-pertumbuhan.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Setyawati |first1=Dinita |last2=Setiawan |first2=Dody |title=Ekspansi energi bersih Indonesia dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan kesetaraan |publisher=Ember |date=14 August 2024 |url=https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/08/ID-Laporan-Ekspansi-energi-bersih-Indonesia-dapat-mendorong-pertumbuhan.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{setyawati2024ekspansi, author = {Setyawati, Dinita and Setiawan, Dody}, title = {{Ekspansi energi bersih Indonesia dapat mendorong pertumbuhan dan kesetaraan}}, institution = {Ember}, year = {2024}, month = aug, url = {https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2024/08/ID-Laporan-Ekspansi-energi-bersih-Indonesia-dapat-mendorong-pertumbuhan.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }