Asian Electricity Data Transparency

The report evaluates electricity data transparency in Asia and Oceania, scoring countries based on criteria such as time granularity, fuel-type breakdowns, and ease of access. It finds significant disparities in data quality, with some countries like Australia and India providing high-granularity data, while others like Indonesia, Vietnam, and Singapore suffer from poor timeliness or limited disaggregation.

• The report establishes a scoring system for data transparency based on eight criteria: real-time granularity, fuel-type generation breakdowns, sub-national data, unit-level data, capacity data, additional metrics (e.g., load factors), ease of access (free, English, downloadable), and the existence of a unified national platform.
• Australia and India are among the highest-scoring countries. Australia provides hourly real-time data via OpenNEM, though it lacks capacity or investment data. India provides daily data with breakdowns by utility, region, sector, and unit, though it lacks data on efficiency, investment, or load factors.
• China's data is rated as 'Insufficient' because it lacks real-time data, has a one-month lag for monthly data, and suffers from inconsistencies where monthly and annual data for thermal generation do not reconcile well.
• Several countries are rated as having 'Poor quality or no timely data available', including Indonesia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Mongolia. For example, Indonesia's highest granularity is annual data with an eight-month lag, and Vietnam's data is described as 'hugely inconsistent'.
• Japan's data transparency is rated as 'Insufficient' due to poor dataset consistency between sources like Enecho and renewables-ei, and a lack of fuel-specific fossil data in the most timely reports.
• There is no single timely, region-wide electricity data source for Asia, forcing reliance on national sources or global datasets from the IEA, EIA, Global Energy Monitor, and IRENA, which often have lags or paywalls.

APA

Graham, E., & Tunbridge, P. (2020). Asian Electricity Data Transparency. Ember. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2020/11/Asian-Data-Transparency-Report.pdf

Chicago

Graham, Euan, and Pete Tunbridge. Asian Electricity Data Transparency. Ember, 2020. https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2020/11/Asian-Data-Transparency-Report.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Graham |first1=Euan |last2=Tunbridge |first2=Pete |title=Asian Electricity Data Transparency |publisher=Ember |date=26 November 2020 |url=https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2020/11/Asian-Data-Transparency-Report.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{graham2020asian, author = {Graham, Euan and Tunbridge, Pete}, title = {{Asian Electricity Data Transparency}}, institution = {Ember}, year = {2020}, month = nov, url = {https://ember-energy.org/app/uploads/2020/11/Asian-Data-Transparency-Report.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }