Carbon Leakage Mythbuster: Finland / Suomi

The document argues that free pollution permits intended to prevent carbon leakage have instead generated significant windfall profits for Finnish corporations while depriving the government of substantial auctioning revenues.

• Energy-intensive companies in Finland earned approximately €481 million in windfall profits from the EU ETS between 2008 and 2014. The largest beneficiaries were Ruukki Metals (€140 million), Neste Oil (€90 million), and Outokumpu (€44 million).
• The Finnish government issued 235 million free pollution permits from 2008 to 2014, resulting in a loss of at least €2.8 billion in potential auctioning revenues.

APA

Carbon Market Watch (2016). Carbon Leakage Mythbuster: Finland / Suomi. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/publications/carbon-leakage-mythbuster-finland-suomi/

Chicago

Carbon Market Watch. Carbon Leakage Mythbuster: Finland / Suomi. 2016. https://carbonmarketwatch.org/publications/carbon-leakage-mythbuster-finland-suomi/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Carbon Market Watch |title=Carbon Leakage Mythbuster: Finland / Suomi |date=15 September 2016 |url=https://carbonmarketwatch.org/publications/carbon-leakage-mythbuster-finland-suomi/ |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{carbonmarketwatch2016carbon, author = {{Carbon Market Watch}}, title = {{Carbon Leakage Mythbuster: Finland / Suomi}}, institution = {Carbon Market Watch}, year = {2016}, month = sep, url = {https://carbonmarketwatch.org/publications/carbon-leakage-mythbuster-finland-suomi/}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }