Menuju Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit yang Lebih Berkelanjutan dan Efisien di Berau, Kalimantan Timur

The report analyzes the palm oil sector in Berau, East Kalimantan, finding that the region can meet its production targets and mill capacities without further land expansion by focusing on productivity increases. While corporate plantations operate efficiently, smallholders face significant barriers, including lack of land certification, limited access to finance, and inefficient transport routes. The report recommends strengthening smallholder cooperatives, improving financial access, and exploring the feasibility of local CPO refineries to increase regional value-add.

• Berau can achieve optimal production levels and meet its total mill processing capacity of 2.8 million tons of Fresh Fruit Bunches (TBS) per year by 2021 through good agricultural practices and productivity increases, eliminating the need for further land expansion.
• The palm oil sector in Berau has grown rapidly, with planted areas increasing from 40,000 hectares in 2010 to 120,000 hectares in 2016, now dominating over 70% of agricultural land in the region.
• There is a significant productivity gap between corporate plantations and smallholders, with the difference ranging between 3 to 9 tons per hectare over the last five years.
• Palm oil mills in Berau are currently underutilized, operating at only 44% of their combined capacity, suggesting they are positioned to handle future production increases as trees reach peak maturity.
• Smallholders face severe operational inefficiencies, with some transporting TBS over 137 km to distant mills because they lack contracts with closer mills or cannot meet specific quality standards.
• Financial constraints are a primary barrier for smallholders; only 28% of independent smallholders possess land ownership certificates (SHM), which hinders their ability to secure formal credit for quality seeds and inputs.
• Berau lacks CPO refineries, resulting in most crude palm oil being shipped outside East Kalimantan to other provinces or to Sabah, Malaysia, which limits the regional economic value-add.
• Sustainability certifications like RSPO can inadvertently alienate smallholders if they are not supported by empowerment programs, as mills may reject TBS that does not meet strict certification standards.

APA

Mafira, T., Rakhmadi, R., & Novianti, C. (2018). Menuju Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit yang Lebih Berkelanjutan dan Efisien di Berau, Kalimantan Timur. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Menuju-Rantai-Pasok-Kelapa-Sawit-yang-Lebih-Berkelanjutan-dan-Efisien-di-Berau-Kalimantan-Timur.pdf

Chicago

Mafira, Tiza, Randy Rakhmadi, and Cherika Novianti. Menuju Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit yang Lebih Berkelanjutan dan Efisien di Berau, Kalimantan Timur. Climate Policy Initiative, 2018. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Menuju-Rantai-Pasok-Kelapa-Sawit-yang-Lebih-Berkelanjutan-dan-Efisien-di-Berau-Kalimantan-Timur.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Mafira |first1=Tiza |last2=Rakhmadi |first2=Randy |last3=Novianti |first3=Cherika |title=Menuju Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit yang Lebih Berkelanjutan dan Efisien di Berau, Kalimantan Timur |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=July 2018 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Menuju-Rantai-Pasok-Kelapa-Sawit-yang-Lebih-Berkelanjutan-dan-Efisien-di-Berau-Kalimantan-Timur.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{mafira2018menuju, author = {Mafira, Tiza and Rakhmadi, Randy and Novianti, Cherika}, title = {{Menuju Rantai Pasok Kelapa Sawit yang Lebih Berkelanjutan dan Efisien di Berau, Kalimantan Timur}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2018}, month = jul, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Menuju-Rantai-Pasok-Kelapa-Sawit-yang-Lebih-Berkelanjutan-dan-Efisien-di-Berau-Kalimantan-Timur.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }