Pesca INDNR, condiciones laborales y la industria española de productos del mar

The report identifies high-risk trade flows and specific species—squid, Atlantic bluefin tuna, and swordfish—that are vulnerable to IUU fishing and associated human rights abuses in the Spanish market. It argues that while Spain effectively implements EU IUU regulations, industry-led due diligence, such as the PAS 1550:2017 specification, is necessary to close remaining gaps.

• Spain is the largest importer of seafood from non-EU countries within the European Union, importing over 1.1 million tonnes in 2020, which makes it a critical point for preventing IUU products from entering the EU market.
• Despite Spain's effective application of the EU IUU Regulation, there is a persistent risk of IUU products entering the market through non-EU countries with 'cards' (warnings) or those identified as high-risk by the IUU Fishing Index.
• China is identified as the highest risk country for IUU fishing in 2019 and 2021; Spain imported over 100,000 tonnes of seafood from China annually during the analyzed period.
• Squid is a high-risk species due to largely unregulated global fisheries; in 2020, Spain imported over 10,000 tonnes of squid from China, where illegal practices by Chinese-flagged vessels are frequently reported.
• Atlantic bluefin tuna is prone to illegal trade and mislabeling; a study of 375 samples in the Spanish commercial chain found that 73% of fish labeled as bluefin tuna were actually other species.
• Swordfish trade shows evidence of 'route shifting' to avoid strict controls; imports to Spain decreased while imports to Portugal increased following EU warnings to countries like Belize, Panama, and Taiwan.
• IUU fishing is frequently linked to severe human rights and labor abuses, including wage withholding, excessive overtime, and physical or verbal abuse, which are not covered by the EU IUU Regulation's focus on legality.
• The report recommends that Spanish seafood companies adopt the PAS 1550:2017 voluntary specification to implement a robust due diligence system for traceability and labor standards.

APA

ClientEarth (2022). Pesca INDNR, condiciones laborales y la industria española de productos del mar. https://www.clientearth.org/media/q1ijlgsr/final-spain-iuu-risk-study-es.pdf

Chicago

ClientEarth. Pesca INDNR, condiciones laborales y la industria española de productos del mar. 2022. https://www.clientearth.org/media/q1ijlgsr/final-spain-iuu-risk-study-es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=ClientEarth |title=Pesca INDNR, condiciones laborales y la industria española de productos del mar |date=November 2022 |url=https://www.clientearth.org/media/q1ijlgsr/final-spain-iuu-risk-study-es.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{clientearth2022pesca, author = {{ClientEarth}}, title = {{Pesca INDNR, condiciones laborales y la industria española de productos del mar}}, institution = {ClientEarth}, year = {2022}, month = nov, url = {https://www.clientearth.org/media/q1ijlgsr/final-spain-iuu-risk-study-es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }