DERECHOS HUMANOS EN LAS NDC DE 2025: QUÉ HAY QUE TENER EN CUENTA?

This fact sheet by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) provides a checklist for ensuring that 2025 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are based on human rights. It argues that human rights-based climate action is a legal obligation under the Paris Agreement and is more effective, as supported by the IPCC. The document outlines nine key components for NDCs, ranging from mitigation ambition and the elimination of fossil fuels to gender justice, indigenous rights, and accountability mechanisms.

• Integrating human rights into NDCs is both a legal obligation for all Parties to the Paris Agreement and a means of increasing effectiveness. The document notes that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reported that climate action based on human rights is more efficient and that such an approach strengthens communities and increases public support for climate policies.
• To align with international climate goals and human rights obligations, NDCs should include specific mitigation and fossil fuel phase-out strategies. This includes setting emission reduction targets aligned with the 1.5°C limit, including consumption emissions, and creating plans for the urgent and equitable elimination of fossil fuel production and use, as well as the removal of fossil fuel subsidies.
• The document emphasizes the necessity of inclusive planning and the protection of specific rights-holders. NDCs should feature explicit commitments to respect the rights of Indigenous Peoples—including the right to free, prior, and informed consent—and integrate gender justice through gender-sensitive budgets and the inclusion of unpaid care work.
• A comprehensive NDC must address a 'just transition' and accountability. This involves protecting fundamental labor rights, ensuring social protection, and preventing human rights violations related to mining. Furthermore, the document calls for debt-free international climate financing and monitoring systems that use data disaggregated by sex, age, and disability.

APA

Center for International Environmental Law (n.d.). DERECHOS HUMANOS EN LAS NDC DE 2025: QUÉ HAY QUE TENER EN CUENTA? https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NDCs-Checklist_Spanish.pdf

Chicago

Center for International Environmental Law. DERECHOS HUMANOS EN LAS NDC DE 2025: QUÉ HAY QUE TENER EN CUENTA? n.d. https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NDCs-Checklist_Spanish.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Center for International Environmental Law |title=DERECHOS HUMANOS EN LAS NDC DE 2025: QUÉ HAY QUE TENER EN CUENTA? |url=https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NDCs-Checklist_Spanish.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centerforinternationalenvironmentallawndderechos, author = {{Center for International Environmental Law}}, title = {{DERECHOS HUMANOS EN LAS NDC DE 2025: QUÉ HAY QUE TENER EN CUENTA?}}, institution = {Center for International Environmental Law}, url = {https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NDCs-Checklist_Spanish.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }