Cómo determinadas compañías farmacéuticas contribuyen al aumento de súperbacterias resistentes a los antibióticos

The report argues that the discharge of antibiotic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into the environment during production, primarily in China and India, accelerates the development of superbugs. It highlights a lack of transparency in pharmaceutical supply chains, linking major global companies like Pfizer, Teva, and McKesson to polluting factories. The document calls for the integration of environmental protection criteria into Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and greater corporate transparency to mitigate this global health threat.

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is identified as a major risk to humanity, with projections suggesting that by 2050, drug-resistant infections could cause 10 million deaths annually on a global scale.
• The economic impact of AMR is substantial, with potential global losses of up to 100 trillion dollars by mid-century, which could result in a GDP decrease between 2% and 3.5%.
• China and India dominate the global antibiotic supply chain; China produces between 80% and 90% of antibiotic active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and is the leading producer of penicillin salts.
• Environmental pollution from API production is a significant but often overlooked driver of AMR, as the uncontrolled release of these substances into rivers and canals promotes the proliferation of resistant bacteria.
• The report identifies specific links between global pharmaceutical brands and polluting Chinese factories: Pfizer is linked to NCPC; the generic drug company McKesson is linked to India's Aurobindo, which sources from at least four polluting Chinese plants; and the Israeli company Teva is connected to at least three Chinese companies cited for improper waste management.
• Current Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) used for imports into the EU and US lack environmental protection or occupational safety criteria, leaving compliance solely to the legislation and controls of the producing country.

APA

Changing Markets Foundation (2015). Cómo determinadas compañías farmacéuticas contribuyen al aumento de súperbacterias resistentes a los antibióticos. https://changingmarkets.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/BAD-MEDICINE_SPANISH_summary.pdf

Chicago

Changing Markets Foundation. Cómo determinadas compañías farmacéuticas contribuyen al aumento de súperbacterias resistentes a los antibióticos. 2015. https://changingmarkets.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/BAD-MEDICINE_SPANISH_summary.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Changing Markets Foundation |title=Cómo determinadas compañías farmacéuticas contribuyen al aumento de súperbacterias resistentes a los antibióticos |date=June 2015 |url=https://changingmarkets.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/BAD-MEDICINE_SPANISH_summary.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{changingmarketsfoundation2015cmo, author = {{Changing Markets Foundation}}, title = {{Cómo determinadas compañías farmacéuticas contribuyen al aumento de súperbacterias resistentes a los antibióticos}}, institution = {Changing Markets Foundation}, year = {2015}, month = jun, url = {https://changingmarkets.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/BAD-MEDICINE_SPANISH_summary.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }