record-13.2-pg-41-46-2f892b24c24b95de.pdf

This excerpt from the Eskom Air Quality Strategy outlines the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal (PESTEL) factors affecting air quality management. It details the company's 2014 request to postpone Minimum Emission Standards compliance and specifies the technical retrofits—such as Fabric Filter Plants for particulates and Flue Gas Desulphurisation for SO₂—necessary for various power stations to meet regulatory limits.

• Eskom's PESTEL analysis identifies several critical risks and pressures regarding air quality, including political complexity due to decision-making being split between national, provincial, and district governments, and economic constraints where financial limitations lead to the deferral of funding for emission upgrades.
• The company faces significant technical and health-related challenges, noting that existing assets are often non-compliant with air quality specifications and that emissions have long-term health liabilities including lung cancer, heart disease, and chronic respiratory disease.
• In February 2014, Eskom submitted requests to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Licensing Authorities to postpone Minimum Emission Standards (MES) compliance timeframes. These requests included a roughly 2-year contingency to account for slow project execution and tariff restrictions.
• To achieve a particulate matter (PM) emission limit of 50 mg/Nm³, Eskom utilizes Fabric Filter Plants (FFP) or sufficiently sized electrostatic precipitators (ESP) with flue gas conditioning. While Matimba, Lethabo, and Kendal's ESPs can achieve this limit, the ESPs at Kriel, Tutuka, and Grootvlei are too small to do so.
• Compliance with the SO₂ emission limit of 500 mg/Nm³ requires wet or semi-dry flue gas desulphurisation (FGD). Semi-dry FGD is noted for using approximately two-thirds of the water required by wet FGD.

APA

Centre for Environmental Rights (n.d.). record-13.2-pg-41-46-2f892b24c24b95de.pdf. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-13.2-pg-41-46.pdf?x21779

Chicago

Centre for Environmental Rights. record-13.2-pg-41-46-2f892b24c24b95de.pdf. n.d. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-13.2-pg-41-46.pdf?x21779.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=record-13.2-pg-41-46-2f892b24c24b95de.pdf |url=https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-13.2-pg-41-46.pdf?x21779 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{centreforenvironmentalrightsndrecord132pg41462f892b24c24b95depdf, author = {{Centre for Environmental Rights}}, title = {{record-13.2-pg-41-46-2f892b24c24b95de.pdf}}, institution = {Centre for Environmental Rights}, url = {https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Record-13.2-pg-41-46.pdf?x21779}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }