gg39299_nn999-4f74e9710029f71b.pdf

A 2015 notice from the South African Department of Water and Sanitation declaring the exploration and production of onshore hydrocarbons requiring stimulation, such as hydraulic fracturing, as a controlled activity under the National Water Act, 1998.

• Minister Nomvula Mokonyane, acting under sections 38(1) and (4) of the National Water Act, 1998, declared the exploration and production of onshore naturally occurring hydrocarbons that require stimulation to be a controlled activity. This includes, but is not limited to, underground gasification and hydraulic fracturing, as well as any incidental activities that could detrimentally impact water resources.
• The notice includes a schedule of controlled activities under section 37 of the National Water Act, 1998, which lists the following: irrigation of land with industrial waste or water containing waste via a waterwork; activities modifying atmospheric precipitation; power generation activities altering the flow regime of a water resource; intentional recharging of an aquifer with waste or water containing waste; and the aforementioned onshore hydrocarbon stimulation activities.

APA

Centre for Environmental Rights (n.d.). gg39299_nn999-4f74e9710029f71b.pdf. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/gg39299_nn999.pdf?x21779

Chicago

Centre for Environmental Rights. gg39299_nn999-4f74e9710029f71b.pdf. n.d. https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/gg39299_nn999.pdf?x21779.

Wikipedia

{{cite press release |author=Centre for Environmental Rights |title=gg39299_nn999-4f74e9710029f71b.pdf |url=https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/gg39299_nn999.pdf?x21779 |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@misc{centreforenvironmentalrightsndgg39299nn9994f74e9710029f71bpdf, author = {{Centre for Environmental Rights}}, title = {{gg39299\_nn999-4f74e9710029f71b.pdf}}, publisher = {Centre for Environmental Rights}, url = {https://cer.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/gg39299_nn999.pdf?x21779}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }